Which of the following organs is located in the cranial cavity?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Brain. The brain is located in the cranial cavity, which is the part of the skull that houses the brain. It is protected by the skull bones and plays a central role in controlling various bodily functions. The thymus (A) is located in the chest, the liver (B) is located in the abdominal cavity, and the parathyroid gland (D) is located in the neck. Therefore, the brain is the only organ among the options that is situated in the cranial cavity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because wearing sunscreen protects the skin from harmful UV rays, avoiding smoking prevents premature aging and skin damage, and eating a healthy diet provides essential nutrients for skin health. Each choice plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy skin by addressing different aspects such as protection, prevention, and nourishment. Therefore, incorporating all three practices together ensures comprehensive care for the skin. Choices A, B, and C individually contribute to skin health, but only choosing all of the above covers all necessary measures for optimal skin care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because an elevated CEA level after completing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer indicates the possibility of residual or recurrent tumor. CEA is a tumor marker that can indicate the presence of cancer cells in the body. Elevated levels post-chemotherapy could suggest that not all cancer cells were eliminated, leading to the potential for a recurrence. Choice A is incorrect because an elevated CEA level does not definitively mean the patient is cured. Choice C is incorrect as chemotherapy typically targets cancer cells and not the liver itself. Choice D is incorrect since an elevated CEA level does not indicate the need for isolation but rather further investigation for potential tumor recurrence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dietary restrictions. Warfarin interacts with vitamin K, so consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods is crucial for maintaining the drug's effectiveness. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as driving restrictions, follow-up laboratory monitoring, and possible drug interactions are important but not specific discharge instructions for warfarin therapy. Warfarin therapy requires strict dietary management to prevent complications like clotting or bleeding.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Germinativum. The stratum spinosum and stratum basale are together known as the stratum germinativum because they are the layers of the epidermis where cell division and renewal occur. The stratum lucidum is a clear layer found only in thick skin, stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead skin cells, and stratum granulosum is the layer where keratinocytes undergo transformation. These choices are incorrect as they do not specifically refer to the layers responsible for cell division and renewal in the epidermis.