ATI RN
medical microbiology test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following organisms is used in the production of cheese?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Propionibacterium shermanii. This bacterium is used in the production of certain types of cheese, such as Swiss cheese, to create the characteristic holes and flavor. Propionibacterium produces carbon dioxide gas during fermentation, forming the holes in the cheese. Acetobacter aceti (B) is used in vinegar production. Giardia (C) is a parasite that causes gastrointestinal issues, not used in cheese production. Fusobacterium (D) is a type of bacteria associated with infections in humans, not used in cheese production.
Question 2 of 5
The 32-year-old patient has been taking antituberculosis drugs. Later he noticed that his urine had become redorange in color. What drug is conductive to this phenomenon?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rifampicin. Rifampicin can cause red-orange discoloration of bodily fluids like urine due to its metabolism. This phenomenon is harmless but alarming to patients. Isoniazid (B) can cause peripheral neuropathy, Pyrazinamide (C) can cause hyperuricemia, and Ethambutol (D) can cause optic neuropathy.
Question 3 of 5
RNA viruses belong to which of the following types according to the Baltimore classification system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: III, IV, V. 1. RNA viruses belong to Group III of the Baltimore classification system because their genetic material is single-stranded RNA. 2. They are also categorized under Group IV as they use reverse transcriptase to replicate their genetic material. 3. Finally, RNA viruses fall under Group V as they have an envelope derived from the host cell membrane. Therefore, options A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not include all the correct groups that RNA viruses belong to according to the Baltimore classification system.
Question 4 of 5
Which bacterium is responsible for causing botulism?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clostridium botulinum. This bacterium produces the neurotoxin responsible for botulism. It thrives in anaerobic environments like improperly canned foods. Clostridium difficile (B) causes colitis, not botulism. Staphylococcus aureus (C) causes food poisoning but not botulism. Escherichia coli (D) can cause gastrointestinal illness but not botulism.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with pneumonia had sputum stained by the Gram method. The smear revealed Gram-positive cocci in pairs with a capsule. What is the most likely causative agent?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Streptococcus pneumoniae. This bacterium is a common cause of pneumonia and is known to appear as Gram-positive cocci in pairs with a capsule. The presence of a capsule is a key characteristic of S. pneumoniae. Staphylococcus aureus (B) is a Gram-positive cocci but typically does not have a capsule. Neisseria meningitidis (C) is a Gram-negative diplococcus, not a Gram-positive cocci. Klebsiella pneumoniae (D) is a Gram-negative rod, not a Gram-positive cocci. Therefore, based on the staining pattern and the presence of a capsule, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most likely causative agent in this case.