Which of the following oral hypoglycaemic drugs stimulates both synthesis and release of insulin from beta islet cells:

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Cardiovascular Drugs Pharmacology Slideshare Questions

Question 1 of 5

Which of the following oral hypoglycaemic drugs stimulates both synthesis and release of insulin from beta islet cells:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Glibenclamide is a sulfonylurea drug that acts by closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels in beta islet cells, leading to calcium influx and insulin release. It stimulates both insulin synthesis and release. Phenformin, Buformine, and Metformin do not directly stimulate insulin release, making them incorrect choices.

Question 2 of 5

Mechanism of action of cyclosporine A is:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inhibits calcineurin. Cyclosporine A works by inhibiting calcineurin, a protein phosphatase that is crucial for the activation of T cells. By blocking calcineurin, cyclosporine A prevents the production of interleukin-2, a key cytokine involved in T cell activation and proliferation. This ultimately leads to suppression of the immune response. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect: A: Complement-mediated cytolysis of T lymphocytes is not the mechanism of action of cyclosporine A. B: ADCC towards T lymphocytes does not describe how cyclosporine A works. D: Competing for Fc receptors with autoantibodies is not related to the mechanism of action of cyclosporine A.

Question 3 of 5

Which of the following statements concerning vitamin C functions are true:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Vitamin C is known for its antioxidant properties, which help in neutralizing free radicals and protecting cells from damage. 2. It is required for hydroxylation reactions, such as converting proline to hydroxyproline for collagen synthesis, essential for maintaining connective tissues. 3. Vitamin C does not function as pyridoxal phosphate (choice A) or a constituent of coenzyme A (choice B). 4. While vitamin C is involved in one-carbon metabolism, it does not directly act as a carrier of one-carbon groups as described in choice C. Summary: The correct answer (D) highlights the antioxidant properties and the role of vitamin C in hydroxylation reactions for collagen synthesis. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they misrepresent the functions of vitamin C.

Question 4 of 5

All of the following statements concerning drugs which inhibit cholesterol synthesis are true, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Drugs that inhibit cholesterol synthesis, such as statins, do not tend to lengthen the sleep cycle. Statins are not known to have a direct effect on sleep patterns. Choices A, B, and C are true statements regarding drugs inhibiting cholesterol synthesis. Choice A is correct as these drugs are contraindicated in pregnant women and children due to potential harm to fetal development. Choice B is correct as statins can cause myopathy, especially when used with cyclosporine. Choice C is correct as failure to discontinue the drug after myopathy has been detected can lead to acute renal failure.

Question 5 of 5

Route of administration of vitamin D3 is:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct route of administration for vitamin D3 is oral (Choice B) because it is a fat-soluble vitamin that can be effectively absorbed through the digestive system. Subcutaneous (Choice A) and intravenous (Choice C) routes are not typically used for vitamin D3 as it can lead to potential risks and complications. Intranasal (Choice D) administration is not a common route for vitamin D3 absorption, as it may not provide adequate bioavailability compared to oral ingestion. Therefore, the oral route is the most appropriate and efficient method for administering vitamin D3.

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