ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following opioids did the patient most likely take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient self-injected what he believed to be heroin, which is commonly sold on the street. Fentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid that is often mixed with or sold as heroin due to its powerful effects. Therefore, the patient most likely took Fentanyl, as it is frequently associated with street drugs like heroin.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following best describes the MAC of an inhalational anesthetic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) of an inhalational anesthetic is defined as the alveolar concentration at which 50% of patients do not move in response to a surgical stimulus. It is related to the blood/gas partition coefficient of the anesthetic, which determines the rate at which the anesthetic enters and leaves the bloodstream, influencing its potency.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drugs most likely caused the patient's signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The signs and symptoms described in the text, such as talkativeness, mydriasis, muscle twitching, hand tremor, elevated blood pressure, and increased heart rate, are consistent with the effects of amphetamine use. Amphetamine is a stimulant drug that can cause these symptoms by increasing the release of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. Additionally, the patient being a drug user who tried different drugs supports the likelihood of amphetamine use, as it is commonly abused for its stimulant effects.
Question 4 of 5
A 34-year-old woman with chronic irritable bowel syndrome with predominance of diarrhea and left lower quadrant pain begins smoking in response to the numerous stresses in her personal and professional life. She smokes one pack per day. She presents to her primary care physician for treatment of her irritable bowel syndrome. The physician expects a change in which of the following symptoms of her irritable bowel syndrome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nicotine can exacerbate diarrhea in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, particularly those with diarrhea-predominant IBS.
Question 5 of 5
Which instructions will the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient who is taking pyridostigmine? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Pyridostigmine is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis by improving muscle strength. Step 2: Underdosing of pyridostigmine can lead to myasthenic crisis, a life-threatening condition characterized by severe muscle weakness. Step 3: Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to include in the teaching plan that underdosing can result in myasthenic crisis to emphasize the importance of taking the medication as prescribed. Step 4: Taking pyridostigmine on time (Choice A) is important for maintaining therapeutic levels but not specifically related to the risk of myasthenic crisis. Step 5: Taking the prescribed dose every other week (Choice B) is incorrect as pyridostigmine is typically taken daily or as directed by the healthcare provider. Step 6: Overdosing of pyridostigmine can result in cholinergic crisis (Choice D), which is a complication but not