Which of the following opioid analgesics is used in the treatment of acute pulmonary edema?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Morphine is the correct choice because it is a potent opioid that acts as a vasodilator and reduces preload and afterload, making it beneficial in acute pulmonary edema by improving oxygenation and reducing anxiety. Codeine is a weaker opioid and not as effective in managing acute pulmonary edema. Fentanyl is a potent opioid but lacks the vasodilator effects of morphine. Loperamide is an opioid used for diarrhea and has no role in treating acute pulmonary edema.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Irreversible MAO inhibitors can lead to hypertensive reactions due to tyramine buildup from food. MAO breaks down tyramine, so inhibition leads to excess tyramine causing dangerous spikes in blood pressure. Respiratory depression (A) and agranulocytosis (D) are not typically associated with MAO inhibitors. While cardiovascular collapse and CNS depression (B) can occur, the high risk is specifically for hypertensive crises due to tyramine interactions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Piracetam. Piracetam is a nootropic, which means it enhances cognitive function, memory, and learning. It is not a CNS stimulant like choices A, B, and C. Camphor is a topical analgesic, Pantocrin is an adrenal extract, and Sydnocarb is a stimulant used in treating narcolepsy. Piracetam stands out as a nootropic due to its specific cognitive-enhancing effects, making it the correct choice in this context.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Cocaine, amphetamine, and caffeine are all stimulant drugs that affect the central nervous system, leading to increased alertness, energy, and euphoria. Cocaine is a powerful stimulant derived from the coca plant, amphetamine is a synthetic stimulant commonly used as a prescription medication or illicit drug, and caffeine is a naturally occurring stimulant found in coffee, tea, and other beverages. All three substances have similar effects on the body, making them related to stimulants. Therefore, the correct answer is D as all the options (A, B, and C) are related to stimulants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Chymotrypsin is a protease enzyme, not an agent containing free sulfhydryl groups. Step 2: Protease enzymes like chymotrypsin contain amino acids in their active site, not sulfhydryl groups. Step 3: Therefore, the statement that chymotrypsin is an agent containing free sulfhydryl groups is FALSE. Summary: Choice B is correct because chymotrypsin does not contain free sulfhydryl groups. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the nature of chymotrypsin.