ATI RN
Pharmacology Cardiovascular Drugs Study Guide Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following NSAIDs is a selective COX-2 inhibitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Celecoxib. Celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, meaning it primarily targets the COX-2 enzyme, reducing inflammation and pain without affecting the protective COX-1 enzyme. This selective action reduces the risk of gastrointestinal side effects associated with traditional NSAIDs that inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2. Piroxicam (A), Indomethacin (B), and Diclofenac (D) are non-selective NSAIDs that inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, leading to a higher risk of gastrointestinal complications.
Question 2 of 5
Mega doses of which vitamin are some time beneficial viral respiratory infections
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vitamin C. Mega doses of Vitamin C can be beneficial for viral respiratory infections due to its antioxidant properties and ability to support the immune system. Vitamin A is important for immune function but is not specifically known for its effectiveness against viral infections. Vitamin K is involved in blood clotting and bone health, not directly related to viral respiratory infections. Vitamin PP refers to Vitamin B3 (niacin), which plays a role in energy production and skin health, but is not typically associated with combating viral infections. In summary, Vitamin C is the most suitable choice for supporting the immune response against viral respiratory infections.
Question 3 of 5
Selected liver and muscle enzymes should be monitored during the use of any cholesterol synthesis inhibitors because of possible toxic effects. This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because cholesterol synthesis inhibitors can potentially cause liver and muscle toxicity. Monitoring liver enzymes like ALT and AST can help detect liver damage, while monitoring muscle enzymes like CK can help detect muscle damage. Choice B is incorrect because monitoring these enzymes is necessary. Choice C is incorrect because not all enzymes need to be monitored. Choice D is incorrect because monitoring is necessary for specific enzymes.
Question 4 of 5
Indication for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) administration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is the active form of vitamin D and is used in cases of vitamin D resistance. 2. Vitamin D resistance results in impaired calcium absorption and metabolism. 3. Administering calcitriol helps bypass the resistance and maintain calcium levels. 4. Elevated skeletal turnover, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and hypophosphatemia are not direct indications for calcitriol administration.
Question 5 of 5
All of the following statements regarding diuretics are true, EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: A: Carbonic anhydrase inhibition leads to increased reabsorption of NaHCO3 is incorrect because carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like acetazolamide inhibit the reabsorption of NaHCO3 in the proximal tubule, leading to bicarbonate diuresis. B: Loop diuretics inhibit the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter at the thick ascending loop of Henle, not by competing for the Cl- site. C: The potency of a diuretic is determined by its mechanism of action and not necessarily by where it acts in the renal tubule. D: Hydrochlorothiazide decreases urinary calcium excretion is correct as it inhibits the Na+/Cl- cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to increased calcium reabsorption.