ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following moves furthest to the anode on cellulose acetate electrophoresis of normal haemoglobin at pH 8.6?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Haemoglobin A. In cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6, haemoglobin A moves furthest towards the anode because it has the highest net negative charge among the normal haemoglobins. This is due to the high number of negatively charged amino acids in haemoglobin A compared to the other normal haemoglobins. Haemoglobin D, A2, and S have different amino acid sequences and charge distributions, resulting in them migrating at different rates. Haemoglobin D and A2 are minor components with lower net negative charge compared to A. Haemoglobin S, on the other hand, has a different charge distribution due to the substitution of glutamic acid with valine in the beta chain, causing it to migrate differently than haemoglobin A.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assist with a bone marrow biopsy. Which anatomical site should the nurse anticipate will be used to obtain the specimen?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Posterior iliac crest. This site is commonly used for bone marrow biopsies due to its accessibility and abundance of red bone marrow. The iliac crest is a flat bone, making it easier to access for the procedure compared to the round shape of other bones listed. Ribs (A) are not commonly used due to the risk of pneumothorax. The humerus (B) is not an ideal site as it contains mostly yellow bone marrow. Long bones in the legs (D) are not typically used for bone marrow biopsies due to the difficulty in accessing and the higher risk of complications.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with abdominal injuries from a motor vehicle crash is scheduled for surgery to remove the spleen. What bodily function will be affected by the removal of this organ?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Removal of old red blood cells from circulation. The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering and removing old or damaged red blood cells from circulation. When the spleen is removed, this function is compromised, leading to a decrease in the body's ability to clear out these cells efficiently. This can result in an increased risk of anemia and other complications related to the buildup of old red blood cells in the bloodstream. A: Filtration of waste products - While the spleen does play a role in filtering blood, its primary function is related to red blood cells, not waste products. C: Clearance of mucous in the tracheobronchial tree - This function is primarily carried out by the respiratory system, particularly the cilia and mucous membranes in the airways, not the spleen. D: Facilitation of glucose to be used by the cell for energy - This function is primarily related to the pancreas and insulin production, not the
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is staying with a patient who has been started on a blood transfusion. Which assessment should the nurse perform during a blood product infusion to detect a reaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A (Vital signs) Rationale: Monitoring vital signs during a blood transfusion is crucial to detect any adverse reactions promptly. Changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, temperature, and respiratory rate can indicate a potential reaction. By assessing vital signs, the nurse can intervene promptly if there is any sign of an adverse reaction, such as fever, hypotension, tachycardia, or shortness of breath. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Skin turgor is not directly related to detecting a reaction during a blood transfusion. C: Bowel sounds are not indicative of a reaction during a blood transfusion. D: Pupil reactivity is not relevant for monitoring during a blood transfusion.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a white blood cell (WBC) count of 8000/mm³. What concern should the nurse have about this finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a WBC count of 8000/mm³ falls within the normal range of 4000-11000/mm³. The normal WBC count indicates the body's ability to fight infections and maintain immunity. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The patient does not necessarily have an infection based solely on the WBC count. B: The patient is not necessarily at risk for infection with a normal WBC count. C: There is no indication of a hematological disorder based on the WBC count within the normal range.