ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following moves furthest to the anode on cellulose acetate electrophoresis of normal haemoglobin at pH 8.6?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1. In cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6, proteins migrate based on their net charge. 2. Haemoglobin A migrates furthest to the anode as it has the highest net negative charge among the options. 3. Haemoglobin D, A2, and S have different charges compared to Haemoglobin A. 4. Haemoglobin D and A2 have lower net negative charges, so they migrate less than Haemoglobin A. 5. Haemoglobin S has a different charge distribution due to a mutation, causing it to migrate differently than Haemoglobin A.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assist with a bone marrow biopsy. Which anatomical site should the nurse anticipate will be used to obtain the specimen?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Posterior iliac crest. A bone marrow biopsy is commonly performed at the posterior iliac crest because it provides easy access to the bone marrow. This site has a high concentration of red bone marrow, making it an ideal location for obtaining a bone marrow specimen. The iliac crest is also a flat and easily accessible surface, which allows for safe and efficient insertion of the biopsy needle. Ribs (A) are not typically used due to the risk of puncturing the lungs. The humerus (B) is not a common site for bone marrow biopsy. Long bones in the legs (D) are not typically used due to the difficulty in accessing the bone marrow at those sites.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with abdominal injuries from a motor vehicle crash is scheduled for surgery to remove the spleen. What bodily function will be affected by the removal of this organ?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Removal of old red blood cells from circulation. The spleen is responsible for filtering and removing old or damaged red blood cells from the bloodstream. When the spleen is removed, this function is compromised, leading to a decreased ability to clear out old red blood cells. This can result in an increased risk of anemia and other complications related to the breakdown of red blood cells. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: A: Filtration of waste products - The spleen primarily filters blood cells, not waste products. C: Clearance of mucous in the tracheobronchial tree - This function is mainly carried out by the respiratory system, not the spleen. D: Facilitation of glucose to be used by the cell for energy - This is a function of the pancreas and insulin, not the spleen.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is staying with a patient who has been started on a blood transfusion. Which assessment should the nurse perform during a blood product infusion to detect a reaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vital signs. During a blood transfusion, the nurse should monitor the patient's vital signs regularly to detect any signs of a transfusion reaction, such as fever, chills, rash, or hypotension. Vital signs provide crucial information about the patient's overall condition and can help the nurse identify and respond promptly to any adverse reactions. Skin turgor (B), bowel sounds (C), and pupil reactivity (D) are not directly related to monitoring for transfusion reactions and are not sensitive indicators of an adverse reaction during a blood transfusion. Monitoring vital signs is essential for patient safety and early detection of any complications during the transfusion process.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a white blood cell (WBC) count of 8000/mm³. What concern should the nurse have about this finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a WBC count of 8000/mm³ falls within the normal reference range of 4000-11000/mm³. Therefore, there is no immediate concern regarding infection or hematological disorder. Choice A is incorrect because a normal WBC count does not indicate infection. Choice B is incorrect as the count is within the normal range, not indicating increased infection risk. Choice C is incorrect as a normal WBC count does not suggest a hematological disorder.