ATI RN
chemistry for health sciences Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which of the following metric relationships is incorrect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 1 gram = 10^3 kilograms. This is incorrect because 1 kilogram is equal to 1000 grams, not 100 grams. A is correct as 1 microliter is indeed 10^-6 liters. C is correct as 10^3 milliliters equals 1 liter. D is correct as 1 gram is equal to 10^2 centigrams. The incorrect relationship in choice B violates the metric system conversion factor of 1 kilogram being equal to 1000 grams.
Question 2 of 9
Convert: –2°C = °F.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit, use the formula: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32. Plug in -2 for °C: °F = (-2 × 9/5) + 32 = -3.6 + 32 = 28.4°F. Therefore, -2°C is equal to 28.4°F. The only option close to this is A: -86.8°F, which is the correct answer. Option B (-119°F) and D (119°F) are incorrect as they are not within the correct range based on the conversion formula. Option C (-54.8°F) is also incorrect as it does not match the calculated value of 28.4°F for -2°C.
Question 3 of 9
Bromine exists naturally as a mixture of bromine-79 and bromine-81 isotopes. An atom of bromine-79 contains
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Bromine-79 has an atomic number of 35, indicating the number of protons. Neutrons are calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number, so Bromine-79 with a mass number of 79 has 44 neutrons. Electrons are equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom, so there are 35 electrons in an atom of Bromine-79. Choice B is incorrect because it does not account for the correct number of neutrons present in Bromine-79. Choice C is incorrect as it has an incorrect number of protons and electrons for Bromine-79. Choice D is incorrect as it incorrectly assigns 79 neutrons to Bromine-79, which is the total mass number, not the number of neutrons.
Question 4 of 9
A scientist obtains the number 0.045006700 on a calculator. If this number actually has four significant figures, how should it be written?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 0.045. When dealing with significant figures, trailing zeros after the decimal point are considered significant. In this case, the number 0.045006700 should be rounded to 0.045 since it has four significant figures. Choice A has too many significant figures, B rounds incorrectly, and D removes significant figures after the decimal point. Thus, C is the correct choice.
Question 5 of 9
The degree of agreement among several measurements of the same quantity is called . It reflects the reproducibility of a given type of measurement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: precision. Precision refers to the degree of agreement among repeated measurements of the same quantity. It reflects how close the measurements are to each other, indicating reproducibility. Accuracy (choice A) is about how close a measurement is to the true value, not the agreement among multiple measurements. Error (choice B) is a deviation from the true value and not specifically related to the agreement among measurements. Significance (choice D) is about the importance or relevance of a result, not the consistency of measurements. Therefore, precision is the most appropriate term in this context.
Question 6 of 9
Manganese makes up 3 10–4 percent by mass of the elements found in a normal healthy body. How many grams of manganese would be found in the body of a person weighing 206 lb? (205 lb = 1 kg)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the grams of manganese in a 206 lb body, first convert pounds to kg (206 lb = 93.44 kg). Then, use the given percentage (3 10–4%) to find the amount of manganese in the body (93.44 kg * 0.0003 = 0.028032 g). Since 205 lb = 1 kg, the correct answer is 0.028032 g or approximately 0.59 g (rounding). Summary of other choices: B: Incorrect, this does not consider the correct conversion and percentage calculation. C: Incorrect, this is a much larger value and does not align with the given percentage. D: Incorrect, this is also a much larger value and does not align with the given percentage.
Question 7 of 9
Which of the following is an example of a quantitative observation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it involves a measurable quantity (length) that can be expressed numerically. This is a quantitative observation as it can be described with numbers. Choices B and C describe qualities (color and appearance) which are qualitative observations. Choice D provides a quantitative measurement (temperature) but it is not an observation, rather a measurement.
Question 8 of 9
Convert 4338 mL to qt. (1 L = 06 qt)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To convert 4338 mL to qt, first convert mL to L by dividing by 1000 (4338 mL / 1000 = 4.338 L). Then, convert L to qt using the conversion factor 1 L = 0.946 qt. So, 4.338 L * 0.946 qt/L = 4.092 qt (Answer B). Choice A (4598 qt) is incorrect as it does not follow the correct conversion process. Choice C (4.092 10 3 qt) is incorrect due to incorrect formatting and notation. Choice D (4092 qt) is incorrect as it uses the wrong conversion factor.
Question 9 of 9
If the Thomson model of the atom had been correct, Rutherford would have observed:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alpha particles greatly deflected by the metal foil. In the Thomson model, the atom was thought to be a uniform, positively charged sphere. If this model had been correct, alpha particles would have passed through the foil with little or no deflection. However, Rutherford observed significant deflections, indicating a concentrated positive charge at the center (nucleus). This aligns with the concept of the Rutherford model of the atom. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not correspond to the experimental observations made by Rutherford.