ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment 9th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lisinopril. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor commonly prescribed for patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease. It helps to reduce blood pressure and protect the kidneys by dilating blood vessels and improving blood flow. Furosemide (B) is a diuretic used to treat fluid retention but not specifically indicated for chronic kidney disease. Metoprolol (C) is a beta-blocker primarily used for heart conditions. Spironolactone (D) is a potassium-sparing diuretic and is not the first-line treatment for hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with dementia. Which intervention is most likely to reduce agitation in this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide a calm environment with minimal stimulation. This intervention is most likely to reduce agitation in a client with dementia because excessive stimulation can overwhelm and confuse them, leading to increased agitation. By creating a calm environment with minimal stimuli, the client can feel more relaxed and less agitated. Summary: B: Increasing social activities may actually worsen agitation as it can be overwhelming for a client with dementia. C: While social engagement is important, too many visitors can increase agitation. D: Providing a variety of activities may lead to confusion and frustration instead of reducing agitation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching an older client with hypertension about lifestyle changes. Which of the following is most effective in managing high blood pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reducing sodium intake. High sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. By reducing sodium intake, blood pressure can be effectively managed. Increasing intake of fatty foods (B) can contribute to heart disease and worsen hypertension. Limiting physical activity (C) can lead to weight gain and higher blood pressure. Reducing fiber in the diet (D) can negatively impact overall health and increase the risk of hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
The following information is recorded in the health history: "Patient denies chest pain, palpitations, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea." Which category does it belong to?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Review of systems. In this case, the information provided pertains to specific symptoms related to the cardiovascular system. The review of systems involves asking about symptoms in various body systems to identify any potential issues. This information helps in identifying any underlying health concerns that the patient may not have mentioned as their main complaint. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Chief complaint - This is the main reason for the patient's visit or primary concern, not a list of symptoms. B: Present illness - Focuses on the details of the current medical issue, not a general review of symptoms. C: Personal and social history - Pertains to the patient's lifestyle, habits, and social support, not specific symptoms related to body systems.
Question 5 of 5
A 37-year-old nurse comes for evaluation of colicky right upper quadrant abdominal pain. The pain is associated with nausea and vomiting and occurs 1 to 2 hours after eating greasy foods. Which one of the following physical examination descriptions would be most consistent with the diagnosis of cholecystitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because tenderness in the right upper quadrant with inspiration points towards Murphy's sign, indicative of cholecystitis. This sign is elicited by palpating the right upper quadrant while the patient takes a deep breath. This maneuver causes the gallbladder to descend and come into contact with the inflamed peritoneum, reproducing pain and halting inspiration. Choices A, B, and D do not describe physical examination findings specific to cholecystitis such as Murphy's sign or tenderness in the right upper quadrant with inspiration. Therefore, they are incorrect.