Which of the following medications is associated with managing gout?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: NSAIDs. NSAIDs are commonly used to manage gout due to their anti-inflammatory properties, which help reduce inflammation and pain associated with gout attacks. They work by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for producing prostaglandins, which are involved in the inflammatory response. Coleseyelam (A) is a cholesterol-lowering medication, not used for gout. Vitamin A (B) is a vitamin and not indicated for gout management. Aminocarproic acid (C) is used to treat excessive bleeding and is not associated with managing gout.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: History of liver disease. The liver plays a crucial role in drug metabolism. Any dysfunction or damage to the liver, such as in liver disease, can significantly affect the metabolism of drugs, leading to altered drug levels in the body. This can result in potential toxicity or reduced efficacy of medications. In contrast, choices B, C, and D do not have a direct impact on drug metabolism like liver disease does. A vegetarian diet, sedentary lifestyle, or being a teacher do not specifically influence the liver's ability to metabolize drugs. Thus, history of liver disease is the most critical assessment data to consider in understanding drug metabolism.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Notify physician of allergic reaction. This is the priority action because hives can be a sign of an allergic reaction to a new medication, which can progress to a severe systemic reaction like anaphylaxis. Immediate physician notification is essential for prompt management, such as discontinuation of the medication and initiation of appropriate treatment. B: Idiosyncratic reactions are unpredictable and not related to allergies, so it is not the priority in this case. C: Teratogenicity refers to the potential harm to a fetus, which is not relevant when assessing hives in a patient. D: Tolerance is the body's decreased response to a medication over time, not a concern with hives in a patient on a new medication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fluconazole. This is because fluconazole is a systemic antifungal medication commonly used to treat systemic fungal infections. It has a broad spectrum of activity and is well-absorbed orally, making it suitable for systemic therapy. Amphotericin B (choice A) is used for severe systemic fungal infections due to its high toxicity. Nystatin (choice B) is primarily used topically for mucocutaneous candidiasis. Flucytosine (choice D) is used in combination therapy for systemic fungal infections, but fluconazole is typically preferred for initial therapy due to its lower toxicity profile and ease of administration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Terbinafine. 1. Terbinafine is an antifungal medication commonly used to treat fungal infections like athlete's foot or nail fungus, which are often treated orally. 2. Acyclovir (A) is an antiviral drug used to treat herpes infections, not fungal infections. 3. Metronidazole (B) is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, not fungal infections. 4. Vancomycin (D) is also an antibiotic used for bacterial infections, not fungal infections. Therefore, Terbinafine is the most appropriate choice for treating the patient's fungal infection orally.