ATI RN
Pediatric Emergency Nursing PICO Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following may be the first abnormal sign detected in a client with cardiomyopathy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, may be the first abnormal sign detected in a client with cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, which can lead to impaired heart function. As the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, the body may not receive an adequate supply of oxygen-rich blood. This can result in symptoms such as dyspnea, especially during physical exertion or when lying down. Ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen), chest pain, and heart murmur may also be seen in clients with cardiomyopathy but are not typically the first signs to present. Dyspnea is often a key indicator that should prompt further evaluation and monitoring for cardiac issues.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the ff should a client with auto immune disorder be advised to avoid?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with autoimmune disorders often experience periods of immunosuppression, where their immune system is compromised and less effective at fighting off infections. Being in crowded places increases the risk of exposure to infectious agents, which can pose a greater threat to individuals with weakened immune systems. It is important for clients with autoimmune disorders to avoid crowds during periods of immunosuppression to reduce the risk of infections and other complications.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the ff is the main reason why older clients with AIDS need more care than their younger counterparts?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main reason why older clients with AIDS need more care than their younger counterparts is because older clients have a faster progression of the disease. As a person ages, their immune system tends to weaken, making them more vulnerable to infections and complications from diseases like AIDS. Older individuals may have decreased immune function and lower resilience when combating HIV-related complications compared to younger clients. This faster disease progression necessitates more frequent monitoring, specialized care, and management strategies tailored to the specific needs of older patients with AIDS. Therefore, older clients with AIDS require more support, medical attention, and comprehensive care to address their complex health needs effectively.
Question 4 of 5
In a client who has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, CD4+ levels are measured to determine the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CD4+ T cells are a type of white blood cell that plays an essential role in coordinating the immune system's response to infections. In individuals with HIV infection, the virus specifically targets and destroys CD4+ T cells. Therefore, measuring CD4+ levels provides valuable information about the extent of damage to the immune system caused by HIV. Monitoring CD4+ levels helps in assessing the progression of the disease and determining when to initiate antiretroviral therapy to prevent opportunistic infections. Additionally, CD4+ levels are used to determine the prognosis and guide treatment decisions in individuals with HIV.
Question 5 of 5
The physician prescribes didanosone (ddl [Videx]), 200mg PO every 12 hours, for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is intolerant to zidovudine (azidothymidine ,AZT [Retrovir]). Which condition in the client's history warrants cautious of this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Didanosine (ddl or Videx) is an antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. However, one of the notable side effects of didanosine is peripheral neuropathy, which can manifest as tingling, numbness, or pain in the hands and feet. Since the client already has a history of peripheral neuropathy, prescribing didanosine may exacerbate this condition, making it important for the healthcare provider to exercise caution. Monitoring for any signs or symptoms of worsening peripheral neuropathy is essential in this case.