Which of the following is TRUE in postural drainage?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In postural drainage, the correct answer is A) Patient assumes position for 10 to 15 minutes. This is because postural drainage is a technique used to help mobilize secretions from different segments of the lungs by using gravity. By positioning the patient for 10-15 minutes in each specific position, mucus can drain effectively from the targeted lung segment, aiding in clearing the airways and improving oxygenation. Option B) Should last only for 60 minutes is incorrect because postural drainage is typically done for shorter durations in specific positions to prevent patient discomfort and fatigue. Prolonged sessions can be tiring for the patient and may not provide additional benefits in terms of mucus clearance. Option C) Done best P.C is incorrect as it does not provide a clear context for understanding. It may be a typographical error or lack of clarity in the wording. Option D) An independent nursing action is incorrect because postural drainage is usually a collaborative effort involving other healthcare team members such as respiratory therapists who may prescribe specific positions based on the patient's condition and the areas needing drainage. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind postural drainage is crucial for nursing practice, especially in respiratory care. It is essential for nurses to know the correct positions, duration, and purpose of postural drainage to provide effective care for patients with respiratory issues. By mastering this technique, nurses can help improve patient outcomes by enhancing oxygenation and reducing the risk of complications related to retained secretions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Selenium. Selenium, when combined with Vitamin E, acts as a powerful antioxidant in the body. This combination has been extensively studied and shown to be beneficial in reducing the risk of prostate cancer when used in conjunction with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors. Selenium plays a crucial role in supporting the body's immune system and protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals. It helps in maintaining optimal health and contributes to overall well-being. Option A) Zinc is an essential mineral that plays a role in various bodily functions, but it is not specifically known for its antioxidant properties in the context of prostate cancer prevention as described in the question. Option B) Iron is important for oxygen transport in the blood and various enzymatic processes in the body, but it is not typically associated with antioxidant activity in the context of prostate cancer prevention. Option D) Vanadium is a trace mineral that has been studied for its potential role in glucose metabolism and bone health, but it is not commonly recognized as an antioxidant or a key player in prostate cancer prevention. Educationally, understanding the role of antioxidants like selenium and Vitamin E in maintaining health and preventing diseases like cancer is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially in the field of nursing. This knowledge can inform nursing practice in terms of providing holistic care to patients, promoting healthy lifestyle choices, and advocating for evidence-based interventions to improve patient outcomes. By grasping the importance of specific nutrients and their functions in the body, nurses can better educate and support their patients in making informed decisions regarding their health and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of tube feeding, the most common problem is diarrhea. This occurs mainly due to formula intolerance or rapid infusion rates. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, posing a serious threat to the patient's health. Option A is correct because diarrhea is a common complication in tube feeding that can occur for various reasons, including the body's inability to tolerate the formula being administered or when the formula is being infused too quickly. Option B, infection, while a potential concern with any invasive procedure, is not the most common problem in tube feeding. Proper aseptic technique can help prevent infections in tube feeding. Option C, hyperglycemia, is not typically associated with tube feeding unless the formula being used is high in sugar content, which is not usually the case with standard tube feeding formulas. Option D, vomiting, can occur in tube feeding but is not as common as diarrhea. Vomiting may result from factors like rapid administration or intolerance to the formula, but it is not typically the most common problem encountered. In an educational context, understanding the common complications of tube feeding is crucial for nursing students and healthcare professionals who are involved in caring for patients requiring enteral nutrition. Recognizing and addressing these complications promptly can help in providing safe and effective care to patients reliant on tube feeding for their nutrition needs. It is essential to monitor patients closely, adjust feeding rates appropriately, and promptly address any signs of complications to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of oxygenation and respiratory care in nursing practice, understanding tension pneumothorax is crucial for providing effective and timely interventions. The correct answer, option A, is the most accurate description of tension pneumothorax. This condition occurs when air enters the pleural space, typically due to lung trauma or injury, but cannot exit, leading to a build-up of pressure that collapses the affected lung. Option B is incorrect because it conflates tension pneumothorax with general pneumothorax, which can result from various causes beyond just chest or respiratory structure injuries. Option C is also inaccurate as it describes spontaneous pneumothorax caused by bleb rupture, not tension pneumothorax specifically. Educationally, nurses must grasp the distinction between different types of pneumothorax to provide appropriate care. Recognizing tension pneumothorax is crucial as it is a life-threatening emergency requiring prompt intervention to prevent respiratory compromise and cardiovascular collapse. Nurses must be able to identify signs and symptoms, such as sudden onset dyspnea and hypotension, and understand the importance of immediate decompression to release trapped air and alleviate pressure on the affected lung.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: "You can fit 1 finger between the patient's hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage." This option suggests a potential difficult intubation because a thyromental distance of less than 2 fingers indicates a short neck, which can make it challenging to properly visualize and navigate the airway during intubation. Option A: "The patient's lower incisors can bite their upper lip above the vermilion line" does not directly relate to intubation difficulty. While dental issues can sometimes affect intubation, this specific scenario does not provide insight into potential challenges. Option B: "You can fit 3 fingers between the patient's incisors" is not indicative of intubation difficulty. The ability to fit fingers between incisors does not necessarily correlate with airway anatomy that would impede intubation. Option C: "The patient has a class 1 Mallampati" is not a sign of difficult intubation. Mallampati classification assesses the visibility of the pharyngeal structures, but it does not directly address factors like neck anatomy that may impact intubation. Understanding airway assessment is crucial in nursing practice, especially in scenarios requiring intubation. Educating healthcare providers on recognizing anatomical markers that suggest difficult intubation can help them anticipate challenges, prepare appropriate equipment, and ensure patient safety during airway management procedures. This knowledge enhances patient care by promoting effective airway management strategies tailored to individual anatomical variations.