ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which of the following is the preventive measure to osteoporosis development
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calcium is essential for maintaining strong and healthy bones. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones, making them more prone to fractures. Consuming calcium-rich foods such as dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods can help prevent osteoporosis development. Additionally, incorporating calcium supplements under the guidance of a healthcare provider can further support bone health and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Regular intake of adequate calcium is considered a crucial preventive measure for osteoporosis.
Question 2 of 9
The physician orders cromolyn sodium (nasal crom) for the client. The nurse instructs the client that the most effective administration schedule is ________.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cromolyn sodium (nasal crom) is a mast cell stabilizer that is commonly used to prevent symptoms of allergic rhinitis, such as sneezing, itching, and congestion. It works best when used before exposure to allergens. The most effective administration schedule for nasal crom is to start using it just after allergy symptoms begin, with a dose of twice-a-day. This helps to prevent the release of histamine and other inflammatory substances from mast cells, thereby reducing allergic symptoms. Using nasal crom in this way can help provide relief and improve the overall management of allergic rhinitis.
Question 3 of 9
Her parents usually become anxious and confused during late in the afternoon and after dark. What do you call this phenomenon?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sundowning is a phenomenon commonly seen in elderly individuals, particularly those with cognitive impairments like dementia, where they become more restless, anxious, confused, or agitated during late afternoon and evening hours, typically around sunset. This change in behavior can manifest as increased confusion, wandering, aggression, or vocalization. The exact cause of sundowning is not completely understood but may involve a combination of factors such as disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle, fatigue, decreased lighting, and hormonal imbalances. Managing sundowning behaviors may involve environmental modifications, maintaining a regular routine, ensuring proper lighting, and addressing any underlying medical conditions contributing to the behavior changes.
Question 4 of 9
Nurse Nanie is aware that history taking and physical exam are critical to the diagnostic process and often provide more information than can be gained broad testing strategies. History taking includes the by following, EXCEPT _______
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Religious Affiliation is not typically included in the history taking process for diagnosing medical conditions. While a patient's religious beliefs may sometimes be relevant in certain situations, it is not a standard component of medical history. History taking usually includes aspects such as the history of present illness, social and family history, and past medical history as these can provide important information related to the patient's health condition.
Question 5 of 9
Weight loss and Malnutrition are commonly observed among patients with COPD. They should be taught to avoid ______.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients with COPD often experience dyspnea, which makes it difficult for them to breathe. When they have a full stomach, their diaphragm is compressed, which can further increase difficulty in breathing. Teaching patients with COPD to avoid having a full stomach even when in dyspneic condition is important to prevent exacerbation of breathing problems. It is advisable for them to have small, frequent meals to ensure adequate nutrition without compromising their ability to breathe comfortably.
Question 6 of 9
A patient in the intensive care unit (ICU) develops acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) characterized by hypoxemia and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. What intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to manage the patient's condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute lung injury that is characterized by hypoxemia, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. When managing a patient with ARDS in the ICU, the priority intervention is to provide adequate oxygenation and ventilation. Mechanical ventilation is often necessary to support gas exchange in these patients.
Question 7 of 9
A patient presents with a thyroid nodule and signs of compression such as difficulty swallowing and breathing. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy reveals a follicular pattern and colloid-filled spaces. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's presentation of thyroid nodule with compression symptoms like difficulty swallowing and breathing, along with fine-needle aspiration biopsy showing a follicular pattern and colloid-filled spaces, is highly suggestive of a follicular adenoma. Follicular adenomas are benign thyroid tumors that can cause compression symptoms due to their growth and size, leading to pressure on surrounding structures in the neck area. The presence of colloid-filled spaces in the biopsy is characteristic of follicular adenomas.
Question 8 of 9
A woman in active labor demonstrates persistent occiput posterior fetal position, contributing to prolonged labor and severe back pain. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to facilitate fetal rotation and optimize labor progress?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the mother in a hands-and-knees position can help facilitate fetal rotation from occiput posterior to the desired occiput anterior position. This position utilizes gravity to assist in the repositioning of the baby, ultimately helping to alleviate back pain and promoting more efficient labor progress. It allows the baby's head to descend properly into the pelvis, potentially reducing the risk of a prolonged labor or the need for instrumental delivery. Additionally, being in this position can help the mother feel more comfortable and empowered during labor. Overall, assisting the mother into a hands-and-knees position is a non-invasive, low-risk intervention that can have a positive impact on both the mother and baby's well-being during labor.
Question 9 of 9
What is the appropriate sequence of steps in the assessment of a conscious trauma patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The appropriate sequence of steps in the assessment of a conscious trauma patient is the ABCDE approach, which stands for Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure.