ATI RN
Questions Neurological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the most common cause of neonatal meningitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Streptococcus agalactiae. This bacterium is the most common cause of neonatal meningitis due to its ability to colonize the maternal genital tract and be transmitted to the newborn during delivery. It is a leading cause of early-onset neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Haemophilus influenzae b, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae are more commonly associated with meningitis in older children and adults, rather than in neonates. Therefore, choice B is the most appropriate answer based on the specific context of neonatal meningitis.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is being evaluated for an acute onset of a high fever, severe headache, vomiting, and a change in mental status. Which assessment finding would confirm a definitive diagnosis of meningitis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: White blood cells (WBC) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In meningitis, an infection of the meninges, the CSF will show an elevated WBC count indicating an inflammatory response. This finding is crucial for confirming the diagnosis as it directly reflects the presence of infection in the central nervous system. A: While a Glasgow Coma Scale score <15 may indicate altered mental status, it is not specific to meningitis. B: Pseudomonas aeruginosa on blood culture suggests a bacterial infection but does not confirm meningitis specifically. C: A normal MRI may not show definitive signs of meningitis, as the diagnosis is primarily made through CSF analysis.
Question 3 of 5
To plan effective care for patients diagnosed with somatic system disorders, the nurse should understand that patients have difficulty giving up the symptoms because the symptoms:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Patients with somatic symptom disorders often experience health anxiety. 2. Symptoms provide a form of relief or distraction from this anxiety. 3. Understanding this helps nurses plan effective care by addressing underlying anxiety. 4. Option D is correct as it directly addresses the role of symptoms in providing relief. Summary: - Option A is incorrect because chronicity does not explain the reluctance to give up symptoms. - Option B is incorrect as having a physiological basis does not necessarily relate to difficulty giving up symptoms. - Option C is incorrect because symptoms in somatic system disorders are typically not voluntarily controlled.
Question 4 of 5
The causes of somatic system disorders may be related to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Somatic system disorders involve physical symptoms with no apparent medical cause. Step 2: Faulty perceptions of body sensations can lead to exaggerated or misinterpreted physical symptoms. Step 3: This can result in somatic system disorders like hypochondriasis or somatic symptom disorder. Step 4: Traumatic childhood events (choice B) may contribute to psychological disorders but are not specific to somatic system disorders. Step 5: Culture-bound phenomena (choice C) and mood instability (choice D) are not primary causes of somatic system disorders. Summary: The correct answer is A because faulty perceptions of body sensations can directly contribute to somatic system disorders, while the other choices are not directly related to the development of these disorders.
Question 5 of 5
A patient reports sudden weakness on one side of their body. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden weakness on one side of the body may indicate a neurological issue, such as a stroke. A focused neurologic assessment is essential. Oxygen saturation, skin color, and blood glucose levels are secondary considerations.