ATI RN
Quizlet Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the most appropriate choice of treating * aspergillosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B, Amphotericin B, is the most appropriate choice for treating aspergillosis due to its broad-spectrum antifungal activity, especially against Aspergillus species. It is often used for severe or systemic infections when other options are ineffective. Terbinafine (A) is more commonly used for dermatophyte infections, while Flucytosine (C) is typically used for certain yeast infections. Itraconazole (D) may be effective against some Aspergillus strains but is generally considered less effective than Amphotericin B for severe cases.
Question 2 of 5
A 25 year old patient is diagnosed with genital herpes simplex virus infection. * Which of the following drug would be most appropriate to prescribe in treating this patient's illness?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Valacyclovir. Valacyclovir is an antiviral medication commonly used to treat herpes simplex virus infections. It is a prodrug of acyclovir, which inhibits viral DNA replication. Zanamivir (A) is used to treat influenza viruses, not herpes. Lamivudine (B) is used for HIV and hepatitis B, not herpes. Cidofovir (D) is used for cytomegalovirus and other viral infections, but not the first line for herpes. Valacyclovir is the most appropriate choice due to its effectiveness and safety profile in treating herpes simplex virus infections.
Question 3 of 5
This drug is a pyrophosphate analog which inhibit DNA polymerase and * reverse transcriptase, is used only to treat associated cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foscarnet. Foscarnet is a pyrophosphate analog that inhibits both DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase, making it effective against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in AIDS patients. Acyclovir (A) and Valacyclovir (B) are antiviral drugs used for herpes infections, not CMV. Amantadine (C) is an antiviral used for influenza, not CMV. Therefore, Foscarnet is the correct choice for treating CMV in AIDS patients.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following anthelmintic acts as a cholinergic agonist in the * nematodes and causes spastic paralysis of the worms?:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Piperazine is the correct answer as it acts as a cholinergic agonist in nematodes, causing spastic paralysis by mimicking acetylcholine. 2. Pyrantel pamoate works by depolarizing neuromuscular junctions, not through cholinergic agonism. 3. Mebendazole and Albendazole inhibit microtubule synthesis in worms, leading to impaired glucose uptake, not cholinergic effects.
Question 5 of 5
Superinfections are more common with: *
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because using antibiotic combinations covering both gram positive and gram negative bacteria can disrupt the balance of normal flora in the body, leading to superinfections. This is due to the broad spectrum of activity of these antibiotics, which can kill off a wider range of bacteria, including the beneficial ones. Choice A is incorrect because narrow spectrum antibiotics target specific types of bacteria, reducing the likelihood of disrupting the normal flora and causing superinfections. Choice B is incorrect because longer courses of antibiotics increase the risk of superinfections as they continue to disrupt the normal flora over a longer period. Choice C is incorrect because antibiotics that are completely absorbed from the small intestines do not necessarily increase the risk of superinfections; it is more about the spectrum of activity and the impact on normal flora.