ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the function of macrophages and neutrophils?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The function of macrophages and neutrophils is primarily phagocytosis, which is the process of engulfing and digesting pathogens such as bacteria, virus-infected cells, and cellular debris. Phagocytosis is a crucial defense mechanism of the immune system as it helps eliminate harmful invaders and promote tissue repair. Macrophages and neutrophils play key roles in innate immunity by recognizing, ingesting, and destroying pathogens to protect the body from infections.
Question 2 of 5
A female client age 66 is admitted ff a nephrolithomy. One of her laboratory tests reveals a urinary tract infection. Which would be the best nursing action in her case?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the case of a female client age 66 admitted for a nephrolithotomy with a urinary tract infection, the best nursing action is to encourage fluid intake of 3000ml/day. Adequate hydration helps in flushing out the bacteria causing the urinary tract infection and can prevent further complications. Increasing fluid intake also helps in preventing the formation of new kidney stones. Administering IV fluids and blood transfusions may be necessary based on the patient's overall condition, but the priority action in this case is to promote increased oral fluid intake. Administering narcotic analgesics as prescribed can help manage pain related to the nephrolithotomy procedure, but it does not directly address the urinary tract infection. Suggesting taking herbs or spices to increase food palatability is not the priority in this situation and may not contribute significantly to the management of the urinary tract infection.
Question 3 of 5
Which chromosomal abnormality is often characteristic of infantile ALL?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The t(4;11) translocation is commonly found in infantile ALL and is associated with a poor prognosis.
Question 4 of 5
Iron chelating agents are used for treatment of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Iron chelators prevent iron overload in patients with chronic hemolytic anemia requiring frequent transfusions.
Question 5 of 5
A neonate presents with cyanosis that worsens with feeding and improves with crying. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choanal atresia is a congenital nasal obstruction that causes cyanosis that worsens with feeding and improves with crying, since crying opens the mouth for breathing. Bilateral atresia requires urgent intervention.