Which of the following is the correct definition of 'chain of command'?

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Question 1 of 5

Which of the following is the correct definition of 'chain of command'?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The hierarchy of authority and responsibility. 1. 'Chain of command' refers to the structure where authority flows downwards and responsibility flows upwards. 2. It establishes the order in which decisions are made and instructions are passed down. 3. It ensures clear communication and accountability within an organization. 4. The other choices are incorrect because B talks about a relationship without authority, C refers to linear authority, and D mentions the tendency of people to perform as expected, which are not related to the concept of chain of command.

Question 2 of 5

A staff nurse describes the unit manager as 'a born leader.' The nurse ascribes to which theory of leadership?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Trait theories. This is because the nurse's description of the unit manager as 'a born leader' aligns with the trait approach to leadership that focuses on inherent qualities and characteristics of individuals that make them effective leaders. Trait theories suggest that certain traits such as intelligence, charisma, and decisiveness are inherent in effective leaders. The other choices are incorrect because B: Behavioral theories focus on the actions and behaviors of leaders, C: Formal leadership theories emphasize organizational structures and roles, and D: Democratic leadership theories pertain to leadership styles rather than inherent traits.

Question 3 of 5

When trying to facilitate change in the staff, it is necessary to build trust and recognize the need for change. This type of action is known as which of the following, according to Lewin's Force-Field Model?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Unfreezing the system. In Lewin's Force-Field Model, unfreezing refers to the process of preparing individuals and systems for change by breaking down existing mindsets and behaviors. Building trust and recognizing the need for change are essential steps in unfreezing. Moving the system to a new level (A) is not specific to the initial stage of change. Refreezing the system (C) occurs after change has been implemented, not before. Institutionalization (D) involves integrating the change into the organization's culture, which is a later stage in the change process.

Question 4 of 5

A client experiences an air emboli, resulting in a stroke, during an IV start. This can be classified as which type of risk?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Diagnostic procedure. Air emboli during an IV start can lead to a stroke, making it a risk associated with a diagnostic procedure. The air emboli occurred during the IV start, which is a diagnostic procedure aimed at obtaining information about the patient's health status. Patient dissatisfaction (A) is not the main concern here, as the focus is on the medical outcome. While a medical-legal incident (B) may result from this situation, the primary classification is related to the diagnostic nature of the procedure. This incident is not primarily a medication error (C) as the main issue is the introduction of air into the bloodstream during the IV start, rather than a mistake in medication administration.

Question 5 of 5

Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a sentinel event is a serious, unexpected occurrence in a healthcare setting that results in death or serious physical or psychological harm to a patient. A patient suicide while in a healthcare facility meets this criteria. A is incorrect as a fall with no injury is not a sentinel event. B is incorrect as a medication error resulting in no harm is not a sentinel event. D is incorrect as a near miss incident, although serious, does not result in harm to the patient.

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