ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the antidote of first choice in the treatment of potentially fatal paracetamol overdose?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Paracetamol overdose risks fatal hepatotoxicity via NAPQI, a toxic metabolite depleting glutathione. Methionine replenishes glutathione orally, effective if given early, but less preferred due to slower action and GI upset. Acetylcysteine, administered IV or orally, directly supplies glutathione precursors, neutralizing NAPQI within the critical 8-12 hour window, making it the first-choice antidote per global guidelines (e.g., Rumack-Matthew nomogram). It's superior for its rapid efficacy, especially beyond 8 hours, preventing liver failure. Naloxone reverses opioids, irrelevant here. Dicobalt edetate treats cyanide poisoning, not paracetamol. Flumazenil targets benzodiazepines. Acetylcysteine's mechanism and timing flexibility ensure maximal survival, critical in emergency settings where overdose severity varies.
Question 2 of 5
Which type of classification system is being used when drugs are grouped together because they help treat a particular disease or condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Therapeutic classification groups drugs by disease or condition treated (e.g., antihypertensives for hypertension), focusing on clinical use. Mechanism of action (e.g., beta-blockers) targets how drugs work. Chemical classification uses structure. Pharmacological overlaps but emphasizes action. Therapeutic fits, reflecting treatment purpose, a practical nursing framework.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse provides care for elders in an assisted living facility. What does the nurse assess as a primary contributing factor for drug toxicity in the elderly?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dehydration, common in elders from reduced thirst, lowers drug clearance (e.g., renal function drops), risking toxicity-key in pharmacokinetics. Alcohol abuse varies, not primary. Constipation affects excretion less than fluid status. Stomach acid decreases, not increases, with age. Dehydration's impact on volume and clearance drives toxicity risk.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement is accurate regarding attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
A 32-year-old anesthesiology resident injects himself with ketamine after he is served with divorce papers from his wife. In addition to being suspended from his hospital because of his actions, he would likely exhibit which of the following behaviors?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ketamine, an NMDA antagonist, causes dissociative anesthesia. Slurred speech is correct-users often exhibit altered speech, disorientation, and motor impairment. Hypersensitivity to pain contradicts ketamine's analgesia. Loss of consciousness occurs at high doses, but self-injection suggests sub-anesthetic use. Normal gait is unlikely due to ataxia. Tranquil affect (E) doesn't fit agitation or dissociation. Slurred speech reflects ketamine's CNS depression, consistent with abuse scenarios.