Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance in the peripheral tissues and defective beta cell secretion with loss of insulin. In type 2 diabetes, there is typically not destruction of beta cells from an autoimmune mechanism that leads to lack of insulin and hyperglycemia as seen in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Instead, in type 2 diabetes, the pancreas initially produces insulin, but the body's cells become resistant to its effects. This results in hyperglycemia due to the inability of the body to properly regulate blood sugar levels. Therefore, choice C is not true for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Given the sudden-onset severe scrotal pain, swelling, and erythema, along with the physical examination findings of a tender, swollen, and high-riding testicle, the most likely diagnosis is testicular torsion. Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord twists, leading to compromised blood flow to the testicle, causing ischemia and severe pain. It is considered a surgical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and intervention to salvage the affected testicle. Prompt surgical detorsion is necessary to prevent irreversible testicular damage. While epididymitis, testicular trauma, and testicular tumors can also present with scrotal pain and swelling, the presence of a high-riding testicle in this context is highly suggestive of testicular torsion.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The primary indicator that Nurse Mary observes FIDELITY in the practice of her profession is that she faithfully promotes health and prevents disease. Fidelity in nursing practice refers to being faithful, loyal, and committed to providing the best care and services to patients. By faithfully promoting health and preventing disease, Nurse Mary demonstrates her dedication to her profession, her patients, and the community she serves. This commitment includes following evidence-based practices, upholding ethical standards, being honest and trustworthy, and ensuring the well-being of those under her care. Ultimately, fidelity in nursing practice builds trust and confidence among patients, families, and colleagues, leading to better health outcomes and a stronger healthcare system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary aim of this law is to regulate the practice of professional nursing within the country. By establishing regulations, standards, and guidelines for nursing practice, the law ensures that nurses provide safe and competent care to patients. It also sets forth licensing requirements, scope of practice, and ethical standards to maintain quality and consistency in nursing care delivery. While enhancing the competence of professional nurses, facilitating mobility of nurses, and promoting the well-being of health workers may be important secondary goals, the main focus of the law is to regulate and govern the practice of nursing within the country.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Research at work is an example of self-directed learning activity because it involves taking the initiative to seek out information, learn new skills, and solve problems independently within a workplace setting. This type of learning requires self-motivation, self-discipline, and autonomy to set goals, gather resources, and develop knowledge or expertise in a specific area. Individuals engage in research at work to enhance their professional growth, expand their skill set, or address challenges encountered in their job responsibilities. It is a proactive approach to learning where individuals take charge of their own development and continuously strive to improve their performance.