ATI RN
Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about sickle cell disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In pediatric respiratory assessment nursing, understanding sickle cell disease is crucial due to its implications on oxygen transport and potential complications. The correct answer, D, states that virtually all major symptoms of sickle cell anemia result from abnormally shaped red blood cells obstructing blood flow. This is accurate as the hallmark of sickle cell disease is the sickle-shaped red blood cells causing vaso-occlusive crises, leading to tissue ischemia and pain. Option A is incorrect as sickle cell disease is indeed an inherited disorder affecting hemoglobin. Option B is incorrect as sickle cell anemia requires the inheritance of two abnormal genes, one from each parent, to manifest. Option C is incorrect as sickle cell trait, although usually asymptomatic, can predispose individuals to certain complications under specific conditions like extreme physical exertion or low oxygen tension. Educationally, it is important for nurses to be well-versed in sickle cell disease as it is a common genetic disorder affecting many pediatric patients. By understanding the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations, nurses can provide optimal care, anticipate complications, and educate patients and families on disease management and prevention strategies.
Question 2 of 5
There is an appropriate type of play for every ages of an infant based on their ability and what they can appreciate. During 7 months, the infant appreciates the face of his caregivers. Hubert is playing with a 7 month old boy, Santino. What type of play will be best for Santino at his stage?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Peek-a-boo for a 7-month-old infant like Santino. Peek-a-boo is developmentally appropriate and engaging for infants at this age because it involves simple, repetitive movements that capture their attention and stimulate their social and cognitive skills. Infants around 7 months start to develop object permanence, which means they understand that objects still exist even when out of sight. Playing peek-a-boo helps reinforce this concept in a fun and interactive way by repeatedly revealing and concealing faces. Option A) Hide and seek involves more complex concepts like hiding and seeking, which may be too advanced for a 7-month-old to grasp fully. Option C) Make believe and Option D) Building blocks are also more suitable for older children who have advanced in their cognitive and motor skills development. In an educational context, understanding the appropriate types of play for different age groups is crucial for promoting optimal development and learning. By engaging infants in developmentally appropriate activities like peek-a-boo, caregivers and educators can support their cognitive, social, and emotional growth effectively. This knowledge helps create enriching and engaging experiences that cater to the specific needs and abilities of infants at each stage of their development.
Question 3 of 5
SITUATION: Mr. & Mrs. Cua's first child, Homer, was born with a unilateral cleft lip & cleft palate. The lip defect extended through the floor of the nostril & communicated with the defect in the anterior palate. For Homer's parents, the most painful aspect of his deformity is probably the fact that it:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Affect his face. Homer's parents likely find the deformity most painful because it directly impacts his appearance and facial structure. This physical characteristic can lead to emotional distress and societal challenges for Homer as he grows up. Understanding this aspect helps healthcare providers offer holistic care and support to not only address the physical needs but also the emotional and psychological well-being of the child and the family. Option A) Interferes with feeding is incorrect because while cleft lip and palate can affect feeding initially, it is a challenge that can be managed with proper techniques and support. Option B) Can't be wholly corrected is incorrect because cleft lip and palate can be surgically corrected with good outcomes, although it may require multiple procedures over time. Option D) Requires lengthy repair is incorrect as while the repair process for cleft lip and palate may involve multiple interventions, the focus is not just on the length of treatment but on achieving the best possible functional and aesthetic outcomes for the child. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the emotional and psychological impact of congenital anomalies on families. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to offer comprehensive care that addresses not only the physical aspects but also the emotional well-being of the child and the family.
Question 4 of 5
Mucoviscidosis would also predispose Sonya to later development of which of the following lung disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this pediatric respiratory assessment scenario, the correct answer is C) Pneumothorax. Mucoviscidosis, also known as cystic fibrosis, is a genetic disorder that affects the mucus and sweat glands in the body. In the lungs, the abnormally thick and sticky mucus can lead to recurrent lung infections and blockages in the airways. Over time, this can cause lung damage and complications such as pneumothorax, which is the presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity, leading to lung collapse. Option A) Pleural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which is not directly linked to mucoviscidosis. Option B) Obstructive emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, typically caused by smoking or environmental factors, rather than mucoviscidosis. Option D) Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and is not specifically associated with mucoviscidosis. Educationally, it is important to understand the respiratory complications associated with genetic disorders like mucoviscidosis to provide comprehensive care to pediatric patients. By recognizing the potential development of pneumothorax in these patients, healthcare providers can monitor and intervene early to prevent serious respiratory complications.
Question 5 of 5
A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The nurse would plan which priority intervention when caring for the child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum. In caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) admitted to the hospital with pneumonia, maintaining a structured routine and minimizing stimulation is crucial. Children with ASD often have sensory sensitivities and may become overwhelmed in new or stimulating environments, which can exacerbate their symptoms and distress. By providing a structured routine and minimizing stimulation, the nurse can create a calming and predictable environment for the child, promoting comfort and facilitating recovery. Option A) Placing the child in a room with a roommate of the same age may increase sensory input and disrupt the child's routine, leading to distress and potential worsening of symptoms. Option B) Taking the child frequently to the playroom to play with other children can overwhelm the child with social interactions and sensory stimuli, which can be challenging for a child with ASD and may hinder recovery. Option C) Maintaining frequent touch and eye contact with the child may not be appropriate as children with ASD can be sensitive to touch and eye contact, which can cause discomfort and distress. Educationally, understanding the unique needs of children with ASD is essential for nurses caring for them in various healthcare settings. Providing a supportive and accommodating environment tailored to the individual needs of each child with ASD is critical in promoting their well-being and ensuring effective care delivery.