Which of the following is not the effect of Addison's disease?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Addison's disease, adrenocortical insufficiency, causes glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid deficiency, leading to muscle weakness, tiredness, hypoglycemia (not hyperglycemia), and menstrual issues from cortisol lack. Hyperglycemia aligns with excess cortisol (Cushing's). Hypoglycemia distinguishes Addison's metabolic impact, critical for recognizing adrenal failure, contrasting with sugar-elevating conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin (labor, lactation) and ADH (water balance), both hypothalamic-made. Growth hormone and prolactin are anterior pituitary products, not stored posteriorly. Prolactin isn't posterior oxytocin fits. ADH with GH mixes lobes incorrectly. Oxytocin-ADH pairing distinguishes neurohypophyseal function, critical for hypothalamic delivery, unlike anterior hormones.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) comes from parathyroid glands, regulating calcium, not anterior pituitary. GH (growth), FSH (reproduction), and TSH (thyroid) are anterior pituitary hormones, driving target glands. PTH's external origin distinguishes it, key to its independent role, unlike pituitary tropic hormones.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Excess pituitary growth hormone post-puberty, when epiphyseal plates are closed, causes acromegaly bone thickening, not height increase (gigantism, pre-closure). Tetany is calcium-related, kidney failure unrelated. Acromegaly's post-growth distinction is key, critical for diagnosing pituitary disorders, contrasting with pre-pubertal effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Homeostasis maintains the body's stable internal environment (e.g., temperature, glucose) via mechanisms like negative feedback, not feedback itself or metabolism (energy processes). Positive feedback amplifies changes. Homeostasis's stabilizing role distinguishes it, key to physiological balance, integrating endocrine and nervous systems.