ATI RN
Endocrine System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is NOT related to adrenal medulla structure and function?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adrenal medulla, inner gland portion, is nervously controlled (sympathetic), producing epinephrine/norepinephrine fight-or-flight. Glucose/mineral regulation is adrenal cortex (cortisol, aldosterone), not medulla distinct roles. Medulla's neural-catecholamine function distinguishes it, key to acute stress, unlike cortex's metabolic/electrolyte tasks.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is NOT true of testosterone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Testosterone isn't controlled by thyroid it's from testes, regulated by pituitary LH/FSH. It grows penis/testes, drives secondary traits (e.g., voice, hair), and can cause baldness (androgenetic). Thyroid controls metabolism (T3/T4), not androgens. Pituitary-testes axis distinguishes testosterone, key to male development, unlike thyroid control error.
Question 3 of 5
G-proteins (guanine nucleotide-binding proteins) are molecules involved in the transmission of hormonal signals from outside a cell to the interior by means of a process called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Signal transduction transmits hormonal signals via G-proteins (e.g., in glucagon response), converting extracellular messages into intracellular actions (cAMP) core process. Signal conduction is neural, not hormonal electric impulse. Signal targeting isn't a term receptor specificity fits, but not process. Local signaling is paracrine, not G-protein-mediated typically. Transduction's role distinguishes it, critical for hormone effects across membranes, unlike conduction, vague, or local errors.
Question 4 of 5
Which hormone from the anterior pituitary gland regulates the release of corticosteroid hormones from the adrenal cortex?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) from anterior pituitary stimulates adrenal cortex to release corticosteroids (e.g., cortisol) stress axis. TSH (thyroid-stimulating) targets thyroid, not adrenal. FSH (follicle-stimulating) and LH (luteinizing) regulate gonads, not cortex. ACTH's adrenal control distinguishes it, key to HPA axis and corticosteroid production, unlike thyroid or gonadal hormones.
Question 5 of 5
This is the most abundant hormone produced by the anterior pituitary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Growth hormone (GH) is the most abundant anterior pituitary hormone, driving growth and metabolism not LH (reproduction), TSH (thyroid), or ACTH (adrenal). Its high output reflects somatotroph prevalence, distinguishing its systemic role, a NEET key point contrasting with less abundant tropic hormones.