ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not readily absorbed in the small intestine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Mg++. Magnesium is not readily absorbed in the small intestine due to its reliance on active transport mechanisms and limited absorption sites. Na+, Cl-, and K+ are all readily absorbed in the small intestine through passive or active transport processes. Na+ is mainly absorbed through active transport, Cl- through passive diffusion, and K+ through both passive and active transport mechanisms. Therefore, Mg++ stands out as it requires specific carriers for absorption, making it less readily absorbed compared to the other ions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who was prescribed antibiotic therapy and now has a Clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Disinfect equipment in the client's room daily. This is important for preventing the spread of Clostridium difficile, a highly contagious bacterium causing severe diarrhea. Disinfecting equipment helps eliminate the bacteria from the environment, reducing the risk of transmission to other individuals. Summary of other choices: B: Placing the client in a protective environment is unnecessary and not recommended for Clostridium difficile infection. C: While using alcohol hand sanitizer is important for hand hygiene, disinfecting equipment is more crucial in this case. D: Having the client wear a mask is not necessary for preventing the transmission of Clostridium difficile.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has an obstruction of the common bile duct resulting from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fatty stools. Common bile duct obstruction leads to inadequate bile flow into the intestines, resulting in malabsorption of fats. This causes fatty stools due to the presence of undigested fats. Straw-colored urine (B) is a normal finding. Tenderness in the left upper abdomen (C) is more indicative of splenic issues. Ecchymosis of the extremities (D) is unrelated to common bile duct obstruction.
Question 4 of 5
The muscular contractions, which move material through the digestive tract, are called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: peristalsis. Peristalsis refers to the wave-like muscular contractions that propel food through the digestive tract. First, circular muscles contract behind the food bolus creating a narrowing, then longitudinal muscles contract ahead of the bolus, pushing it forward. This coordinated movement helps move food along the digestive tract efficiently. Deglutition (B) refers to the act of swallowing, not the movement of food through the digestive tract. Mass movements (C) refer to large, powerful contractions that occur in the colon to move feces. Segmental contractions (D) are localized contractions that mix and churn food in the intestines, not the primary mechanism for moving food along the digestive tract.
Question 5 of 5
The coronary ligament attaches the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the coronary ligament attaches the liver to the diaphragm. This ligament forms part of the peritoneal ligaments that secure the liver to the diaphragm, supporting its position in the abdominal cavity. The other choices are incorrect because: B) The liver is attached to the anterior abdominal wall by the falciform ligament, not the coronary ligament. C) The colon is attached to the posterior body wall by the mesocolon, not the coronary ligament. D) The lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal end of the duodenum are attached to the liver and diaphragm by the lesser omentum, not the coronary ligament.