ATI RN
Genetic Disorders in Pediatrics Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not needed for DNA replication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ribosomes are for protein synthesis, not DNA replication, which requires DNA (template), nucleotides (building blocks), and enzymes (e.g., DNA polymerase).
Question 2 of 5
Why are individuals with an extra chromosome 21, which causes Down syndrome, more numerous than individuals with an extra chromosome 3 or chromosome 16?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is viable, while trisomies of larger chromosomes like 3 or 16 are typically lethal due to greater gene disruption.
Question 3 of 5
Cancer causing agents are called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carcinogens are agents that cause cancer, distinct from mutagens (cause mutations) or teratogens (cause birth defects).
Question 4 of 5
is a type of cancer-causing gene that promotes cancer by activating cell division at an inappropriate time or place:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oncogenes are mutated proto-oncogenes that drive uncontrolled cell division.
Question 5 of 5
Formation of a retinoblastoma eye tumor requires:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Retinoblastoma follows the two-hit hypothesis: a germline mutation in one RB1 allele and a somatic mutation in the other inactivate the tumor suppressor.