ATI RN
Genetic Pediatric Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not a recognized complication of cystic fibrosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CF complications include infertility, diabetes, and cirrhosis, but not esophageal cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A 35-year-old man who works at a facility processing highly radioactive substances accidentally receives a high, whole-body dose of ionizing radiation estimated to be 1500 rads (15 gray). He dies 1 week later. At autopsy, histologic examination of the skin shows scattered, individual epidermal cells with shrunken markedly eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknotic, fragmented nuclei. These morphologic changes most likely indicate which of the following processes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High radiation induces apoptosis (programmed cell death), seen as shrunken, eosinophilic cells with fragmented nuclei.
Question 3 of 5
Which one of the following causes a frame-shift mutation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deletion (if not in multiples of 3) shifts the reading frame; substitutions (A-E) do not.
Question 4 of 5
How many double stranded DNA molecules are in a somatic human cell that is in present G2 phase:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In G2 phase, after DNA replication (S phase), each of the 46 chromosomes consists of 2 sister chromatids (double-stranded DNA molecules). Thus, 92 double-stranded molecules exist. Answer 'C' (92) is correct. Rationale: Each chromosome’s chromatids are identical double helices, totaling 92 in a diploid human cell (2n=46).
Question 5 of 5
The study of chromosomes and cell division is called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cytogenetics (A) studies chromosomes and cell division. Rationale: Cytology is broader (cell biology), and pedigree is inheritance charting. Cytogenetics focuses on karyotypes and meiosis/mitosis.