Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The urinary system doesn't preserve water-sugar balance regulates water, electrolytes, not glucose (e.g., PCT reabsorbs all glucose). Blood pressure maintenance via renin true. Metabolic waste excretion (urea) core function. Acid-base balance via H /HCO₃⁻ correct. Water-sugar misaligns glucose isn't urinary-regulated distinguishing it, key to urinary specificity, unlike established roles.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nephron is the kidney's functional unit filters, reabsorbs, secretes (e.g., ~1 million/kidney). Neurons are neural not renal. Sinusoids are liver not kidney. Trigone is bladder not functional unit. Nephron's role distinguishes it, key to kidney function, unlike unrelated structures.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Urine = filtration – reabsorption + secretion e.g., 180 L filtered, 99% reabsorbed, waste added (1.8 L urine). Adding reabsorption increases volume false. Subtracting secretion removes waste wrong. Adding/subtracting reabsorption miscalculates illogical. Correct formula distinguishes it, key to urine composition, unlike additive or subtractive errors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The ascending limb is water-impermeable pumps NaCl, concentrating medulla (e.g., countercurrent multiplier). Descending is permeable water exits. Thick/thin are subsets ascending key. Impermeability distinguishes it, critical for urine concentration, unlike permeable or vague options.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The hypothalamus monitors blood osmolarity osmoreceptors trigger ADH (e.g., water balance). JGA senses pressure not osmolarity directly. Medulla oblongata is respiratory not osmotic. Midbrain is motor unrelated. Hypothalamus's osmotic role distinguishes it, critical for hydration, unlike pressure or neural sites.