ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not a function of chewing:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Helps in food absorption. Chewing primarily aids in food breakdown into smaller particles for easier digestion. Chewing does not directly contribute to food absorption, as absorption mainly occurs in the small intestine. A: Sense of satiety is correct, as chewing helps signal fullness to the brain. C: Helps in food digestion is correct, as chewing starts the mechanical breakdown process. D: Increase salivary secretion is incorrect, as chewing stimulates saliva production to aid in digestion.
Question 2 of 5
What is the term for the semi-solid mixture of food and digestive juices that are formed in the stomach?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chyme. This term refers to the semi-solid mixture of food and digestive juices that is formed in the stomach through the process of digestion. The stomach mixes food with gastric juices to create chyme, which is then passed to the small intestine for further digestion and absorption of nutrients. B: Bolus is incorrect as it refers to the compact mass of food that is swallowed and travels through the esophagus to reach the stomach. C: Feces is incorrect as it is the solid waste material that is formed in the large intestine and expelled from the body. D: None of the above is incorrect as the term "chyme" accurately describes the semi-solid mixture formed in the stomach during digestion.
Question 3 of 5
Which information about an 80-yr-old male patient at the senior center is of most concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Unintended weight loss. In older adults, unintended weight loss can be a sign of underlying health issues such as malnutrition, chronic diseases, or even cancer. It is a significant concern as it may indicate a decline in overall health and increase the risk of complications. Decreased appetite (choice A) and occasional indigestion (choice B) are common in older adults but may not necessarily be as alarming as unintended weight loss. Difficulty chewing food (choice D) could also contribute to weight loss but is not as concerning as the weight loss itself, which could have more serious implications.
Question 4 of 5
Which question from the nurse would help determine if a patient's abdominal pain might indicate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Asking about foods affecting bowel patterns helps determine if the patient's abdominal pain could indicate IBS as certain foods can trigger IBS symptoms. Passing gas (A) is common in IBS but not specific enough. Abdominal distention (C) is a possible symptom but not exclusive to IBS. Knowing the duration of the pain (D) is important but does not directly link to IBS. Thus, B is the best choice to assess IBS related symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
Which intestinal layer accounts for the action of the peristaltic waves?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: muscularis. The muscularis layer of the intestine is responsible for generating peristaltic waves through rhythmic contractions of smooth muscle, aiding in the movement of food along the digestive tract. The serosa (A) is the outermost layer that provides protection and support. The submucosa (C) contains blood vessels and nerves, while the mucous (D) layer secretes mucus for lubrication and protection. Therefore, the muscularis layer is specifically designed for peristalsis, making it the correct choice.