ATI RN
Basic Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not a consequence of anaphylactic shock?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the binding of allergen-specific IgE to mast cells is actually a key event in anaphylactic shock, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators. Constriction of airways (A), loss of blood pressure (B), and hives (C) are all consequences of anaphylactic shock due to the systemic release of histamine and other mediators. IgE binding to mast cells triggers the release of these mediators, causing the symptoms associated with anaphylaxis. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it is not a consequence but rather an initiating event in anaphylactic shock.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing an immune response involving B and T cells. Which type of immunity is the patient demonstrating?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Humoral immunity. Humoral immunity involves B cells producing antibodies to target pathogens. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies that circulate in the blood and lymph to neutralize pathogens. This type of immunity is specific to antigens and is a key component of the adaptive immune response. Passive immunity (A) is when antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, not involving B and T cells directly. Acquired immunity (C) is a broad term encompassing both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Cell-mediated immunity (D) involves T cells directly targeting infected cells, not B cells producing antibodies.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse provides care to older adults. What should the nurse recognize as being more likely to occur in an older adult than in a younger adult?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: More autoimmune disorders. As individuals age, the immune system weakens, leading to an increased risk of autoimmune disorders where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells. This is more likely in older adults compared to younger adults. High fevers (choice A) are not more likely in older adults, as fever response tends to decrease with age. Fewer infections (choice B) are also less likely in older adults due to a weakened immune response. Greater antibody production (choice D) is not a characteristic of aging, as antibody production may decline with age.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are not found in Cyanobacteria?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: chloroplasts. Cyanobacteria do not have chloroplasts because they are prokaryotic organisms and do not possess membrane-bound organelles like chloroplasts found in eukaryotic cells. Instead, they perform photosynthesis using thylakoids, which are membrane-bound compartments where photosynthesis occurs. Gas vesicles are also present in cyanobacteria and help regulate their buoyancy. Heterocysts are specialized cells that aid in nitrogen fixation, a process that allows cyanobacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by the organism. Therefore, the absence of chloroplasts in cyanobacteria makes choice C the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
In order to grow, all microorganisms require:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: liquid water. Water is essential for all cellular functions, including metabolism and nutrient transport. Without water, microorganisms cannot grow or survive. Organic substances (choice B) are important as a nutrient source, but water is indispensable for growth. While oxygen (choice C) and warm temperatures (choice D) can enhance growth for some microorganisms, they are not universally required for all microorganisms to grow.