ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not a component of gastric juice?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bile. Bile is not a component of gastric juice; it is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder to aid in digestion in the small intestine. Pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid, and mucus are all components of gastric juice. Pepsinogen is the inactive form of pepsin, an enzyme that breaks down proteins. Hydrochloric acid helps in the digestion of food and kills bacteria. Mucus protects the stomach lining from the acidic environment.
Question 2 of 5
After several days of antibiotic therapy for pneumonia, an older hospitalized patient develops watery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the nurse should prioritize assessing the patient's condition to ensure immediate safety and appropriate intervention. This includes evaluating for signs of dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and potential complications like Clostridium difficile infection. Option B is not the first action as immediate assessment is crucial. Option C is important but not the priority at this moment. Option D is important but should not be the first action in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
The processes of chewing are referred to as _____.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: mastication. Mastication refers to the mechanical process of chewing food in the mouth using the teeth and jaws. This process breaks down food into smaller pieces, making it easier to swallow and digest. Churning (A) is the mixing of food with digestive enzymes in the stomach. Peristalsis (C) is the involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. Deglutition (D) is the process of swallowing food. Mastication is the most appropriate term for the process of chewing specifically.
Question 4 of 5
Pancreatitis is mainly the result of _____ activity.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pancreatitis is mainly the result of trypsin activity. Trypsin is an enzyme produced by the pancreas to aid in digestion. When trypsin becomes activated within the pancreas itself, it can lead to the digestion of pancreatic tissue and cause inflammation, leading to pancreatitis. Bile (A) and bacterial (B) activities are not primary causes of pancreatitis. Carboxypeptidase (C) is another pancreatic enzyme, but its activity does not play a significant role in causing pancreatitis compared to trypsin.
Question 5 of 5
Bile salts combine with fatty acids to form complexes called _____ that facilitate absorption.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: micelles. Bile salts emulsify fats in the small intestine, forming micelles that enhance the absorption of fatty acids. Chylomicrons (A) are large lipoprotein particles that transport dietary lipids, not complexes with bile salts. Globules (C) are not specifically related to bile salts and fatty acids. Lipoproteins (D) are also involved in lipid transport but are not the complexes formed by bile salts and fatty acids. Thus, choice B is the correct answer as it directly relates to the process of fat absorption facilitated by bile salts.