ATI RN
Quizlet Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a clinical features of inflammation:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The clinical features of inflammation are known by the Latin terms "rubor" (redness), "calor" (heat), "tumor" (swelling), and "dolor" (pain). These are classic signs of inflammation that occur in response to tissue injury or infection. "Bacterial invasion" is not a clinical feature, but rather a cause of inflammation. Bacterial invasion can lead to the activation of the inflammatory response, resulting in the characteristic signs of inflammation such as redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
Question 2 of 5
What medication, if ordered for an 8-year-old patient, should the nurse question? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amiodarone, labetalol, and carvedilol are not indicated for pediatric use and do not have established pediatric dosages. Phentolamine and prazosin have established pediatric dosages and would not need to be questioned. The nurse should always verify the appropriateness of medications for pediatric patients, as their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics differ from adults.
Question 3 of 5
The health care provider orders a hypertonic crystalloid IV solution for a 70-year-old patient. Which solution will the nurse hang?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than plasma, drawing fluid into the intravascular space. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride (D) is hypertonic. Lactated Ringer's (A) and 0.45% sodium chloride (B) are hypotonic, while 0.9% sodium chloride (C) is isotonic. Hypertonic solutions are used to treat severe hyponatremia or cerebral edema but must be administered cautiously to avoid fluid overload.
Question 4 of 5
A pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks' gestation has a cold and calls the office to ask about taking an over-the-counter medication that is rated as pregnancy category A. Which answer by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pregnancy category A indicates that adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus. Therefore, the nurse can reassure the patient that the medication is safe to take as directed. The other options either overstate the risk or provide incomplete information. It is important for the nurse to provide accurate and evidence-based guidance to ensure the safety of both the patient and the fetus.
Question 5 of 5
A female patient needs a whole blood transfusion. In order for transfusion services (the blood bank) to prepare the correct product a sample of the patient's blood must be obtained for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood type and crossmatch are essential before a whole blood transfusion to ensure compatibility between the donor and recipient. This process involves determining the patient's blood type (ABO and Rh) and testing for antibodies that could cause a transfusion reaction. A complete blood count and differential are not required for transfusion preparation. Blood culture and sensitivity are used to diagnose infections, not for transfusion compatibility. Therefore, blood type and crossmatch are the correct steps.