ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Study Guide Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is most suitable for migraine prophylaxis in an otherwise healthy 30-year-old woman?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Migraine prophylaxis reduces attack frequency. Ergotamine treats acute migraines, not prophylaxis, risking vasoconstriction. Paracetamol relieves pain but doesn't prevent migraines. Propranolol, a beta-blocker, reduces migraine frequency via vascular and CNS effects, proven effective and safe in healthy adults. Carbamazepine suits trigeminal neuralgia, not migraines. Sumatriptan is acute, not preventive. Propranolol's efficacy makes it first-line, balancing prevention and tolerability.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is a first-line medication for generalized tonic-clonic seizures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Topiramate, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic, treats generalized tonic-clonic seizures by blocking sodium channels, enhancing GABA, and inhibiting glutamate, making it a first-line option per guidelines. Ethosuximide targets absence seizures. Felbamate, vigabatrin, and ezogabine have narrower uses or toxicity risks (e.g., aplastic anemia, vision loss), limiting them to refractory cases. Topiramate's efficacy, tolerability, and broad action suit primary generalized seizures, distinguishing it as a standard choice.
Question 3 of 5
A client with bell's palsy tells the nurse that acetaminophen (Tylenol) is taken daily as prescribed by the physician. Which laboratory value would indicate a toxicity of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is primarily metabolized in the liver. Hepatotoxicity is a serious potential side effect of acetaminophen overdose or excessive use. One of the markers for liver damage due to acetaminophen toxicity is an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Normal BUN levels range from 7 to 20 mg/dl, and a level of 60 mg/dl indicates kidney dysfunction, which can result from liver damage caused by acetaminophen toxicity. Therefore, an elevated BUN level would indicate a toxicity of acetaminophen in this client with Bell's palsy who is taking acetaminophen daily. The other laboratory values mentioned are not specific markers for acetaminophen toxicity.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed an intranasal corticosteroid. What should the nurse include in client education about this drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intranasal corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone) can cause burning and nosebleeds due to mucosal drying . They're preventive, not symptom-driven (choice B is wrong), and dosing is fixed, not squeeze-dependent . Choice D educates on a common, manageable side effect, ensuring client awareness and compliance.
Question 5 of 5
The systemic bioavailability of the following oral drugs is increased if taken in the fasting state:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxytetracycline's bioavailability increases in the fasting state as food, particularly calcium, can bind the drug and reduce its absorption.