ATI RN
Anatomy of Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is false regarding Burkitt's lymphoma?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Burkitt's lymphoma is associated with the translocation of the c-myc gene on chromosome 8, not chromosome 18. This translocation results in the overexpression of c-myc, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Choice B is incorrect as Burkitt's lymphoma commonly presents with jaw or facial bone involvement in HIV patients. Choice C is incorrect as Burkitt's lymphoma is commonly seen in African children due to Epstein-Barr virus infection, not necessarily after malaria exposure. Choice D is incorrect as Burkitt's lymphoma is histologically characterized by a "starry sky" appearance due to the presence of numerous macrophages engulfing debris from apoptotic cells.
Question 2 of 5
Graft versus host disease is a complication of transfusion in patients of bone marrow transplantation. This can be best avoided by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Irradiating the blood components before transfusion. Graft versus host disease occurs when donor immune cells attack the recipient's tissues. Irradiating blood components helps to eliminate donor T cells, reducing the risk of this complication. Choice A (Transfusion of packed cells) does not address the issue of donor T cells. Choice C (Transfusing fresh whole blood) may actually increase the risk as it contains more viable donor immune cells. Choice D (Replacement by crystalloids) is not a suitable alternative for blood transfusion.
Question 3 of 5
A peripheral blood smear showing increase in numbers of neutrophils, band cells, basophils, eosinophils, and platelets is most suggestive
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Increased neutrophils, band cells, basophils, and platelets suggest myeloproliferative disorder. 2. Presence of eosinophils indicates a chronic phase as seen in chronic myelocytic leukemia. 3. Chronic myelocytic leukemia commonly presents with increased granulocytes and platelets. Summary: - A: Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by blast cells, not mature granulocytes. - B: Acute lymphoid leukemia primarily affects lymphocytes, not myeloid cells. - D: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia involves lymphocytes, not myeloid cells like in the given case.
Question 4 of 5
Artemisinin and its derivatives are used in the treatment of severe forms of chloroquine-resistant falciparum because they have:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rapid schizonticidal activity. Artemisinin and its derivatives target the asexual stage of the malaria parasite's life cycle, specifically the schizont stage. By quickly destroying the schizonts, they effectively kill the parasites in the blood, leading to a rapid reduction in parasite load and alleviating symptoms. The other choices are incorrect because A (Rapid gametocidal activity) targets sexual stage parasites, B (Ability to prevent further development of hypnozoites) refers to relapse prevention in Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale infections, and C (Rapid sporontocidal activity) targets the mosquito stage of the parasite's life cycle.
Question 5 of 5
Waldeyer's ring does not include:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: submandibular glands. Waldeyer's ring consists of the pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids), tubal tonsils, palatine tonsils (faucal tonsils), and lingual tonsils. The submandibular glands are salivary glands located outside of Waldeyer's ring. The other choices are incorrect because they are all part of Waldeyer's ring, which is a ring of lymphoid tissue located in the pharynx.