Which of the following is considered a vital sign?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Body temperature is considered a vital sign because it reflects the body's ability to maintain homeostasis. Changes in body temperature can indicate underlying health conditions. Vital signs are physiological measurements that provide crucial information about a person's overall health status. Orientation (B), Telemetry (C), and Glycemic index (D) are not vital signs. Orientation refers to a person's awareness of surroundings, Telemetry is the process of monitoring and transmitting data remotely, and Glycemic index is a measure of how quickly food raises blood sugar levels. These factors are important but do not fall under the category of vital signs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Dehydration can lead to difficulty swallowing liquids due to decreased saliva production. 2. This symptom indicates a potential lack of hydration in the body. 3. Residents may avoid drinking due to swallowing issues, exacerbating dehydration. 4. Increased thirst and drinking at meals (choices A and C) are common responses to dehydration but do not necessarily indicate dehydration itself. 5. Increased urinary output (choice D) can be a sign of good hydration or other health conditions, not necessarily dehydration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage Kegel exercises. Kegel exercises help strengthen pelvic floor muscles, which can improve bladder control and promote normal elimination. This is an evidence-based approach recommended for residents with urinary incontinence. Choice B is incorrect because rushing urination can lead to incomplete voiding and increase the risk of urinary retention. Choice C is incorrect because lying flat on the back during urination is not a recommended position for promoting normal elimination. Choice D is incorrect because discouraging fluids for residents who urinate frequently can lead to dehydration and urinary tract issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prevents the loss of too much water. The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and glands, which act as a barrier to prevent dehydration by retaining body fluids. It helps regulate body temperature, protects against pathogens, and provides sensory information. Choices A, C, and D do not directly relate to the primary function of the integumentary system, making them incorrect. A regulates hormones (endocrine system), C relates to the muscular system, and D involves the reproductive system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD is the most common type of PVD characterized by atherosclerosis in the arteries supplying the extremities. This leads to reduced blood flow, causing symptoms like leg pain, cramping, and impaired wound healing. Phlebitis (A) is inflammation of veins, not arteries. Myocardial infarction (MI) (B) and Coronary artery disease (CAD) (D) involve the heart's blood vessels, not peripheral arteries. Therefore, based on the symptoms and location of atherosclerosis, PAD is the most likely diagnosis.