ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is associated with normocytic normochromic anaemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normocytic normochromic anemia is characterized by normal-sized red blood cells with normal hemoglobin content. Pregnancy is associated with this type of anemia due to increased blood volume and iron demands. Iron deficiency anemia (choice A) is typically microcytic hypochromic. Primaquine (choice B) is not known to cause normocytic normochromic anemia. Sickle cell disease (choice D) results in hemolytic anemia with abnormal red blood cell morphology. Thus, the correct answer is C as it aligns with the characteristics of normocytic normochromic anemia.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse notes that a patient's gaping wound is developing a blood clot. Which body substance is responsible for this clot formation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelets are responsible for clot formation in the body. When a wound occurs, platelets adhere to the site and release chemicals to initiate clotting. They then aggregate to form a plug, stopping bleeding. Plasma carries platelets but is not directly involved in clot formation. Red blood cells transport oxygen but do not participate in clotting. White blood cells are part of the immune system and do not play a role in clot formation. Therefore, platelets are the correct choice for clot formation in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a bleeding disorder is prescribed an infusion of plasma. What should the nurse explain as being the purpose of this infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contains clotting factors. Plasma is the liquid component of blood that contains essential clotting factors necessary for blood coagulation. This infusion helps replenish clotting factors in patients with bleeding disorders, aiding in the formation of blood clots to stop bleeding. Choice B is incorrect as plasma does not carry oxygen; that is the role of red blood cells. Choice C is incorrect as plasma does not directly support cellular metabolism; that is the role of nutrients. Choice D is incorrect as plasma does not remove waste products; that is the role of the kidneys and liver.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) 5 mg daily has an international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5. It is time to administer the next dose of Coumadin. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the daily Coumadin as ordered. A therapeutic INR range for patients on warfarin is typically between 2-3. A patient with an INR of 2.5 is within this range, indicating that their blood is adequately anticoagulated. Therefore, the next dose of Coumadin should be administered as prescribed to maintain the therapeutic effect. Holding the dose (B) may lead to subtherapeutic anticoagulation, and notifying the physician (A) is not necessary as the INR is within range. Administering vitamin K (C) is indicated for patients with a high INR and signs of bleeding, which is not the case here.
Question 5 of 5
A patient receiving blood complains of dyspnea. The nurse auscultates the patient's lungs and finds crackles that were not present before the start of the transfusion. Which type of reaction should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Circulatory overload. This type of reaction occurs when the patient receives blood too quickly, leading to fluid overload in the circulatory system. The dyspnea and crackles are indicative of pulmonary edema, a common symptom of circulatory overload. Urticarial reaction (choice A) presents with hives, not dyspnea. Hemolytic reaction (choice B) involves the destruction of red blood cells, not fluid overload. Anaphylactic reaction (choice C) is a severe allergic reaction that includes symptoms like hives, swelling, and hypotension, but not typically pulmonary edema.