ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is associated with normocytic normochromic anaemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normocytic normochromic anemia is characterized by normal-sized red blood cells with normal hemoglobin content. Pregnancy is associated with increased blood volume and physiological hemodilution, leading to normocytic normochromic anemia. Iron deficiency (choice A) typically presents as microcytic hypochromic anemia. Primaquine (choice B) is associated with hemolytic anemia. Sickle cell disease (choice D) is characterized by sickle-shaped red blood cells and is associated with hemolytic anemia, making it different from normocytic normochromic anemia.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse notes that a patient's gaping wound is developing a blood clot. Which body substance is responsible for this clot formation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Platelets are responsible for clot formation in the body. When a wound occurs, platelets are activated and adhere to the site, forming a plug to stop bleeding. They release chemicals to further enhance clot formation. Plasma is the liquid component of blood, red blood cells carry oxygen, and white blood cells are part of the immune system, none of which are directly involved in clot formation.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a bleeding disorder is prescribed an infusion of plasma. What should the nurse explain as being the purpose of this infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contains clotting factors. Plasma contains essential clotting factors like fibrinogen, Factor VIII, and others that are necessary for blood clotting in patients with bleeding disorders. This infusion helps improve the patient's ability to form blood clots and control bleeding. B: Plasma does not carry oxygen to tissues; that is the role of red blood cells. C: Plasma does not directly support cellular metabolism; that is the function of nutrients. D: Plasma does not remove waste products from cells; that is the role of the kidneys and liver.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) 5 mg daily has an international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5. It is time to administer the next dose of Coumadin. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the daily Coumadin as ordered. Rationale: 1. INR of 2.5 is within the therapeutic range (2-3) for patients on warfarin. 2. Holding the dose may lead to fluctuation in INR and risk of thrombosis or bleeding. 3. Notifying the physician is not necessary as the INR is within the target range. 4. Administering vitamin K is not indicated unless the patient is experiencing significant bleeding. In summary, administering the daily Coumadin as ordered is appropriate as the INR is within the therapeutic range, ensuring continuity of anticoagulation therapy without unnecessary intervention.
Question 5 of 5
A patient receiving blood complains of dyspnea. The nurse auscultates the patient's lungs and finds crackles that were not present before the start of the transfusion. Which type of reaction should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Circulatory overload. Dyspnea and crackles post-transfusion indicate fluid overload, not an immune response. Step 1: Rule out urticarial (itching/rash) and anaphylactic (rapid onset, hypotension) reactions due to the absence of these symptoms. Step 2: Hemolytic reactions involve destruction of red blood cells, leading to hemoglobinuria and shock. Step 3: Circulatory overload results from an excessive volume of blood given, leading to pulmonary edema and crackles. In this case, the symptoms align with circulatory overload, making it the most likely reaction.