ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Exam Flashcards Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which of the following is an index of poor outcome in fulminant hepatitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A prolonged prothrombin time unresponsive to vitamin K suggests severe hepatic synthetic dysfunction and is a poor prognostic indicator in fulminant hepatitis.
Question 2 of 9
What is the primary mechanism of action of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methotrexate primarily works by suppressing the immune system, reducing inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.
Question 3 of 9
Juvenile localized scleroderma (LS) is generally insidious with skin manifestations that vary according to disease subtype. Up to 25% of children with LS have extracutaneous manifestations including arthritis and neurological symptoms. Of the following, the subtype that is MOST commonly associated with neurological manifestations is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: En coup de sabre is associated with neurological complications due to its location on the face and scalp.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse notices that a 10-month-old infant being seen in the clinic is wearing expensive clothing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important to discuss with the parents the importance of appropriate clothing for infants to ensure comfort, safety, and practicality, regardless of the cost.
Question 5 of 9
Early sign of shock is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tachycardia is an early compensatory response in shock to maintain perfusion before blood pressure drops.
Question 6 of 9
What is an anion gap?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The anion gap is calculated as (Na⺠- [Clâ» + HCO₃â»]) and represents unmeasured anions in plasma. It helps differentiate metabolic acidosis causes, with high values suggesting lactic acidosis or toxin ingestion.
Question 7 of 9
The child with polyarticular JIA often has a more prolonged course of active joint inflammation and requires early and aggressive therapy. Of the following, the predictor that carries the WORST prognosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nodules indicate more severe disease and carry a worse prognosis.
Question 8 of 9
The patient in Question was also treated with the endotracheal instillation of exogenous surfactant This is likely to be beneficial by (may choose more than one)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surfactant improves lung compliance and reduces alveolar collapse, lowering the risk of pneumothorax.
Question 9 of 9
Which renal condition is most commonly associated with congenital hepatic fibrosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Congenital hepatic fibrosis is most commonly linked to autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD).