ATI RN
Pharmacology Across the Lifespan ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an important consideration when taking glyburide or glipizide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beta blockers reduce effects. Beta blockers can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia caused by glyburide or glipizide, leading to delayed recognition and treatment. This interaction is important for patients with diabetes as it can increase the risk of severe hypoglycemia. A: NSAIDs do not have a significant impact on the effectiveness of glyburide or glipizide. B: Statins do not interfere with the action of these medications. D: ACE inhibitors do not reduce the effects of glyburide or glipizide. In summary, beta blockers are a crucial consideration when taking glyburide or glipizide due to their potential to mask hypoglycemic symptoms, while NSAIDs, statins, and ACE inhibitors do not significantly affect the effectiveness of these medications.
Question 2 of 5
A physician's order indicates to administer a medication to the patient via the percutaneous route. Which route will the nurse anticipate the patient will receive this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Topically. Percutaneous route involves applying the medication on the skin surface for absorption. Intramuscular (A) and subcutaneous (B) routes involve injections into muscle or tissue. Rectal route (D) involves inserting medication into the rectum. Topical route is the only option that aligns with percutaneous administration.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse administers an initial dose of a steroid to a patient with asthma. Thirty minutes after administration, the nurse finds the patient agitated and stating that 'everyone is out to get me.' Which term is used for this unusual reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct term for the patient's unusual reaction is "C: Idiosyncratic reaction." This is because an idiosyncratic reaction is an unexpected and individual response to a medication that is not related to the known pharmacological actions of the drug. In this case, the patient's agitated behavior and paranoia are not typical side effects of steroids but rather a unique reaction specific to this individual. A: Desired action is incorrect because the patient's symptoms are not the intended therapeutic effect of the steroid. B: Adverse effect is incorrect because adverse effects are known and expected side effects of a medication, not unusual or unexpected reactions like in this scenario. D: Allergic reaction is incorrect because the patient's symptoms are not consistent with an allergic response, which typically involves rash, itching, or difficulty breathing.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drugs would be most appropriate for the patient at this time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Caspofungin. This drug is an echinocandin antifungal agent used for serious fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. It is effective against a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens. Terbinafine (A) is used for dermatophyte infections, Griseofulvin (B) is used for superficial fungal infections, and Nystatin (C) is primarily used topically for candidiasis. Caspofungin (D) is the best choice for serious systemic fungal infections due to its broad spectrum and efficacy.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drug-related adverse effects was most likely decreased by hydrocortisone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Infusion reaction. Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, which can help decrease infusion reactions such as fever, chills, and allergic reactions during drug administration. It works by suppressing the immune response that triggers these reactions. Red man syndrome (A) is associated with vancomycin use, nephrotoxicity (B) is related to kidney damage caused by certain drugs, and hepatotoxicity (C) refers to liver damage from drugs. These adverse effects are not directly impacted by hydrocortisone's mechanism of action.