Which of the following is an example of primary prevention in public health?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of diseases and promote health in individuals who have not yet developed any health problems. Vaccinating children against preventable diseases is an example of primary prevention as it helps to protect them from contracting these diseases in the first place. By immunizing children, public health efforts can reduce the spread of infectious diseases and prevent outbreaks. Teaching individuals how to manage chronic conditions (Choice A) is an example of secondary prevention, aimed at managing existing health issues. Screening for early signs of disease (Choice B) falls under secondary prevention as well, focusing on early detection and treatment. Providing hospice care for terminally ill patients (Choice D) is an example of tertiary prevention, which focuses on improving quality of life in individuals with advanced diseases.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing education on safe sex practices. This strategy is most effective as it focuses on preventing new HIV infections by promoting knowledge and awareness of safe sex practices. Education empowers individuals to make informed decisions about their sexual health, leading to reduced transmission rates. Summary of other choices: B: Providing free HIV testing can help with early detection but does not directly prevent new infections. C: Advocating for policy changes is important for long-term prevention efforts, but may not have an immediate impact on reducing the incidence of HIV. D: Providing support groups is valuable for individuals already living with HIV, but does not directly address prevention in the community.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Educating community members about mental health resources is the most appropriate nursing intervention for a community experiencing a mental health crisis. 1. Education increases awareness and understanding of mental health issues, reducing stigma and promoting early intervention. 2. It empowers community members to seek help and utilize available resources for support and treatment. 3. By educating the community, long-term sustainable solutions are promoted, fostering a supportive environment for mental health. Incorrect choices: A: Providing individual counseling is not feasible for a whole community in crisis. B: A community-wide stress reduction program may not address the specific mental health needs of individuals. D: Increasing access to medications alone does not address the root causes of mental health crises.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing free vaccination clinics. This is a community-level intervention as it targets a large group of people within a community to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Vaccination clinics offer immunization to the entire community, thereby increasing herd immunity and reducing the transmission of diseases. Choices B, C, and D are not community-level interventions. Individual counseling (B) and health assessments (D) focus on individuals rather than the community as a whole. Teaching individuals how to wash their hands (C) is important for personal hygiene but is not a community-wide approach to disease prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Education on healthy eating and exercise addresses prevention, crucial for reducing diabetes rates. Step 2: Healthy lifestyle habits can prevent the development of diabetes. Step 3: By promoting healthy behaviors, the community can reduce risk factors for diabetes. Step 4: Empowering individuals with knowledge leads to long-term behavior change. Summary: - B: Screening programs detect existing cases but do not prevent new ones. - C: Medications manage symptoms but do not address the root cause. - D: Counseling helps manage diabetes but does not prevent its occurrence.