Which of the following is an example of a social determinant of health?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Access to education directly impacts health outcomes by influencing knowledge, skills, and resources. 2. Education leads to better job opportunities, income, and access to healthcare. 3. It affects lifestyle choices, healthcare utilization, and overall well-being. 4. Social determinants like education address underlying causes of health disparities. Summary: A, physical activity, is a behavioral determinant. C, genetics, is a biological determinant. D, infectious disease rates, are health outcomes, not determinants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Involving community members in decision-making and planning. This is a key principle of community empowerment because it promotes ownership, autonomy, and sustainability of community initiatives. By involving community members, it ensures that solutions are culturally appropriate, relevant, and effectively address the community's needs. Top-down direction (A) contradicts empowerment principles by disempowering the community. Delivering services based on individual needs (C) focuses on individual rather than community empowerment. Focusing on short-term solutions (D) does not address the root causes of community health issues. In summary, choice B is correct as it aligns with the principles of community empowerment, whereas the other choices do not.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Providing education on healthy lifestyle choices best describes a health promotion activity. This is because health promotion aims to empower individuals to take control of their health through informed decisions and behaviors. By educating individuals on healthy lifestyle choices such as exercise, nutrition, and stress management, they are encouraged to adopt positive habits that prevent disease and promote overall well-being. Incorrect choices: A: Administering vaccinations is a disease prevention activity, not health promotion. B: Providing screenings focuses on early detection of disease, not necessarily promoting health. D: Offering rehabilitation services for chronic diseases is a form of treatment, not health promotion.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases before they occur. Promoting hand hygiene to prevent disease falls under primary prevention as it targets the root cause of disease transmission. By educating individuals on proper handwashing techniques, the spread of infections can be minimized. Encouraging vaccination (choice A) is considered secondary prevention as it aims to prevent progression of existing diseases. Providing blood pressure screenings (choice B) falls under secondary prevention by detecting hypertension early. Providing treatment for individuals with hypertension (choice D) is tertiary prevention, focusing on managing existing conditions to prevent complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing education on the risks of alcohol use is a primary prevention strategy aimed at reducing alcohol abuse. Education can help individuals make informed decisions about alcohol consumption, leading to prevention of abuse. Offering free alcohol treatment programs (A) is a treatment intervention, not a prevention measure. Advocating for stronger alcohol regulations (C) is a policy intervention, which may help control alcohol availability but does not directly reduce abuse. Conducting alcohol abuse awareness campaigns (D) may increase awareness but does not necessarily lead to behavior change or prevention.