ATI RN
The Basics of Bioethics Ethical Issues in Cancer Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an example of a physical cue used to help promote independence?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it involves providing physical guidance to assist the resident in performing a task independently. By placing her hand around the resident's hand to help with bringing the spoonful of food to her mouth, the NA is offering direct physical support without taking over the task completely. This method promotes the resident's independence by allowing her to actively participate in the action with assistance. Option B simply instructs the resident to take a sip of water, which does not involve physical cueing. Option C involves verbal instruction, which is not a physical cue. Option D lists steps for the resident to complete, which may be helpful but does not involve physical guidance.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient for a surgical procedure on the right great toe. Which action will be most important to include in this patient's preparation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ascertain that the surgical site has been correctly marked. This is important to ensure that the surgery is performed on the correct site, preventing errors. Placing the patient in a clean gown (A) is important for infection prevention, but not as crucial as verifying the surgical site. Asking the patient to remove hairpins and cosmetics (B) is important for safety during surgery, but not as critical as ensuring the correct site. Determining the family's location (D) is not as important for the patient's preparation as confirming the surgical site.
Question 3 of 5
Of the following, which patient will require an unsynchronized shock?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient presenting with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is at high risk of progressing into ventricular fibrillation, a life-threatening rhythm requiring immediate unsynchronized shock. In contrast, choices A, B, and C involve stable rhythms or atrial arrhythmias that do not require immediate unsynchronized shock. Choice A describes monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, which can be managed with synchronized cardioversion. Choice B and C describe unstable atrial fibrillation and flutter, respectively, which can be treated with medications or synchronized cardioversion. Therefore, the patient with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is the only one among the options who requires an unsynchronized shock due to the high risk of deterioration into a more dangerous rhythm.
Question 4 of 5
Simply put, shock is a state of hypoperfusion due to several different causes. Which one of the following types of shock would be considered distributive shock?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Distributive shock involves abnormal distribution of blood flow, leading to inadequate tissue perfusion. Anaphylactic shock is a type of distributive shock where severe allergic reaction causes widespread vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in hypotension and tissue hypoperfusion. This choice is correct as it fits the definition of distributive shock. Hypovolemic shock (A) is due to loss of blood volume, not abnormal distribution. Cardiogenic shock (B) is caused by heart failure leading to inadequate cardiac output, not abnormal distribution. Toxic shock syndrome (D) is an overwhelming systemic response to toxins, not primarily characterized by abnormal distribution of blood flow.
Question 5 of 5
You are on-scene with an adult patient exhibiting unusual activity and appears to be intoxicated. He is anxious and hyperactive. His heart rate and respirations are fast, but his blood pressure remains within normal range for his age. The patient denies alcohol or drug consumption but reports he has diabetes. His blood glucose level is found to be 54 milligrams per deciliter. How would hypoglycemia cause the patient to present with the above findings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because hypoglycemia triggers a physiological response known as the sympathoadrenal response. When blood sugar levels drop, the sympathetic nervous system is activated, leading to the release of epinephrine from the adrenal glands. Epinephrine promotes liver glycogenolysis, which is the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose, thereby increasing blood sugar levels. This process helps to counteract the effects of hypoglycemia and provide energy to the body. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Elevated insulin levels would not mimic alcohol intoxication; instead, hypoglycemia causes neuroglycopenic symptoms due to inadequate glucose supply to the brain. C: Adipose tissue does not play a significant role in correcting hypoglycemia through glucose uptake; it is primarily the liver that releases glucose in response to low blood sugar levels. D: Glucagon is released by the pancreas to raise blood sugar levels in response to