ATI RN
Questions on the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an example of a hormone that is secreted from an endocrine gland in response to a chemical change in the blood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PTH (calcium drop), insulin (glucose rise), and glucagon (glucose drop) all respond to blood chemistry changes 'all' fits. This distinguishes endocrine responsiveness, critical for homeostasis, contrasting with static or neural triggers.
Question 2 of 5
From a medical perspective, hormones can be taken orally because they are water-insoluble lipids and poorly digested.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Steroid hormones (e.g., cortisol) are lipid-soluble, taken orally as they resist digestion and absorb well water-insoluble trait aids stability. Carbohydrates aren't hormones energy sources. Peptides (e.g., insulin) and proteins degrade in the gut, requiring injection. Steroids' lipid nature distinguishes them, critical for oral administration, unlike digestible or non-hormonal options.
Question 3 of 5
The target organs of ADH are the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ADH (vasopressin) targets kidneys (water reabsorption via aquaporins) and blood vessels (vasoconstriction) raises blood pressure/volume. Adrenal cortex (aldosterone) and liver (metabolism) aren't ADH targets different systems. Liver-kidney omits vessels. Pituitary releases ADH, thyroid is unrelated. Kidney-vessel dual action distinguishes ADH, critical for fluid balance, unlike endocrine or metabolic pairs.
Question 4 of 5
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates the to produce and release its hormones.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ACTH from anterior pituitary stimulates adrenal cortex to release cortisol/glucocorticoids stress response. Anterior pituitary makes ACTH, not target. Adrenal medulla (epinephrine) is neural. Kidneys respond to aldosterone, not ACTH directly. Adrenal cortex's ACTH-driven output distinguishes it, key to HPA axis, unlike source, neural, or renal options.
Question 5 of 5
An autoimmune form of hypothyroidism when the body destroys the thyroid cells is called
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hashimoto's disease is autoimmune hypothyroidism thyroid destruction lowers T3/T4, causing myxedema-like symptoms. Graves is autoimmune hyperthyroidism overactivity. Myxedema is hypothyroidism's result, not cause. Acromegaly is GH-related, unrelated. Hashimoto's autoimmune basis distinguishes it, key to thyroid failure, unlike hyper, symptomatic, or growth disorders.