Which of the following is an effective way for a nursing assistant to help prevent dehydration?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because encouraging a resident to drink every time she sees him helps ensure regular fluid intake, preventing dehydration. This approach promotes hydration without overwhelming the resident with excessive fluids. Choice B is incorrect as insisting on a specific type of drink may not suit the resident's preferences. Choice C is incorrect as withholding fluids can lead to dehydration. Choice D is incorrect as leaving a carton of milk does not actively encourage the resident to drink and may not suit their preferences or dietary restrictions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because as we age, the skin undergoes natural changes such as thinning and becoming more fragile. This is due to a decrease in collagen production and a reduction in the skin's ability to retain moisture. Thinning skin makes the elderly more susceptible to injuries and skin tears. A: Amount of fat and collagen increases - This is incorrect as aging leads to a decrease in collagen production and loss of fat in the skin. B: Pressure injuries occur - While pressure injuries can be common in older adults, it is not a normal age-related change of the integumentary system. C: Hair thickens - Hair thinning or loss is more common with age, not thickening. In summary, the normal age-related change of the integumentary system is skin becoming thinner and more fragile due to decreased collagen and moisture retention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: In the morning. Elastic stockings should be applied in the morning when the leg swelling is at its minimum. This ensures optimal compression effectiveness throughout the day when the individual is most active. Applying them in the evening (choice A) may lead to discomfort due to increased swelling during the day. Mid-afternoon (choice C) is not ideal as it may miss the opportunity to provide consistent compression. Applying them after exercising (choice D) may not be effective as the swelling may already be present.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Open fracture. An open fracture, also known as a compound fracture, occurs when the skin is broken, and the bone may protrude through the skin. This is a serious injury with a high risk of infection. Closed fractures (A) do not involve an open wound. Greenstick fractures (C) occur in children when the bone partially breaks but does not completely separate. Compression fractures (D) typically involve the collapse of a bone due to compression forces and do not involve an open wound. Thus, the presence of an open wound and the potential exposure of bone make an open fracture the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mark the bathroom with a sign or picture. This is important because individuals with Alzheimer's disease may have difficulty recognizing familiar surroundings, leading to confusion and accidents. By marking the bathroom with a sign or picture, the resident can easily identify the location and purpose of the room, reducing the likelihood of accidents. A: Withholding fluids is not appropriate as it can lead to dehydration and other health issues. B: Dimming the bathroom lights may further confuse the resident and increase the risk of accidents. D: The answer choice is incomplete, so it cannot be evaluated for correctness. In summary, marking the bathroom with a sign or picture is the best choice as it helps the resident with Alzheimer's disease navigate the environment safely and independently.