ATI RN
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 9th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention to prevent infection in patients with AIDS?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Wearing protective gear such as gown, mask, gloves, and goggles when entering the room is crucial to prevent infection in patients with AIDS. This intervention helps to minimize the risk of transmitting pathogens to the patient and vice versa. The protective gear acts as a barrier to prevent the spread of infectious agents. It also protects healthcare workers from exposure to potentially harmful pathogens. Prohibiting visitors who are severely immunodeficient (choice A) may be isolating for the patient and does not directly address preventing infection transmission. Prohibiting visitors with a cough (choice B) is important but does not cover all potential sources of infection. Ensuring protective barrier isolation precautions are in place (choice D) is a general statement and does not specify the practical steps needed to prevent infection transmission effectively.
Question 2 of 5
A client with end-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has profound manifestations of Cryptosporidium infection caused by the protozoa. In planning the client’s care, the nurse should focus on his need for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fluid replacement. In end-stage AIDS with Cryptosporidium infection, the client experiences severe diarrhea leading to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Fluid replacement is crucial to prevent hypovolemia and maintain electrolyte balance. Adequate hydration supports renal function, prevents further complications, and aids in the elimination of the infectious agent. Pain management (A) may be needed for discomfort but is not the priority. Antiretroviral therapy (B) is essential for managing HIV but does not directly address the immediate issue of dehydration. High-calorie intake (D) is important for overall nutrition but does not address the urgent need for fluid replacement in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is observing a client receiving antiplatelet therapy for adverse reactions. Antiplatelet drugs most commonly produce which hypersensitivity reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bronchospasm. Antiplatelet drugs commonly cause hypersensitivity reactions like bronchospasm due to their effects on platelet function. They can trigger an allergic response leading to bronchoconstriction. Difficulty hearing (A) is not a common hypersensitivity reaction to antiplatelet therapy. Confusion (B) is more commonly associated with central nervous system effects rather than hypersensitivity reactions. Agranulocytosis (D) is a severe drop in white blood cells and is not typically a hypersensitivity reaction to antiplatelet drugs.
Question 4 of 5
In an individual with Sjogren’s syndrome, nursing care should focus on:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Moisture replacement. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the moisture-producing glands, leading to dryness in the eyes, mouth, and other mucous membranes. Nursing care should focus on managing these symptoms by providing moisture replacement through artificial tears, lubricating eye drops, and hydrating mouthwashes. This helps prevent complications such as corneal damage and dental issues. Nutritional supplementation (B) may be needed if there are difficulties in eating due to dry mouth, but it is not the primary focus. Electrolyte balance (C) and arrhythmia management (D) are not directly related to the symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome and are therefore not the main priorities in nursing care for this condition.
Question 5 of 5
The cause of death of most AIDS patients who develop multiple opportunistic infections is/are the following: a.Weakened immune system impairs response to therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Most AIDS patients with multiple opportunistic infections die due to a weakened immune system impairing response to therapy. When the immune system is compromised, the body struggles to fight off infections effectively, even with treatment. This results in the infections becoming more severe and ultimately leading to death. Summary of Other Choices: B: Weakened immune system impairs resistance to infection - While this is true, it doesn’t directly address the cause of death in AIDS patients with multiple infections. C: Infection cannot be treated effectively - This is not entirely accurate as infections can be treated, but the weakened immune system hinders the response to treatment. Overall, Choice A is the most accurate as it directly links the weakened immune system to the inability to respond effectively to therapy, leading to fatal outcomes.