Which of the following is an antianginal and nitrate?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication that belongs to the class of nitrates. It is used to relieve chest pain or angina by dilating blood vessels, which reduces the workload of the heart and improves blood flow to the heart muscle. Nitroglycerin helps to relax and widen blood vessels, increasing the supply of oxygen and blood to the heart. It is often used for the treatment and prevention of angina attacks. In contrast, options A, B, and D are not antianginal medications or nitrates.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Supplements are drugs that can be used to provide the body with essential nutrients that may be lacking. They are designed to complement the diet and help fulfill specific nutritional needs, such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, or other substances. Unlike stimulants, depressants, or irritants that affect the central nervous system in various ways, supplements aim to provide a beneficial addition to the body's existing resources. Prophylactics, on the other hand, are preventive methods or medications used to protect against diseases or health issues, rather than addressing existing deficiencies like supplements.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pain is described as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. It serves as a protective mechanism to alert the body of potential harm and encourage appropriate action to avoid further injury. Pain can be acute or chronic, and it can vary in intensity and duration depending on the underlying cause. In contrast, the other options do not directly correspond to the described sensation of pain associated with tissue damage.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is commonly caused by genes that are carried on plasmids. Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can be transferred between bacteria, allowing for the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes throughout bacterial populations. These resistance genes can encode enzymes that inactivate antibiotics, alter antibiotic targets, or even pump antibiotics out of bacterial cells. Plasmid-mediated resistance is a major concern in the healthcare setting as it can lead to the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria, making infections harder to treat. Therefore, the presence and transfer of genes on plasmids play a significant role in the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Weight gain is a known side effect of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat certain cancers. The nurse should reassure the patient that this is a common occurrence and not necessarily dangerous. However, the patient should be monitored for signs of fluid retention, such as swelling or shortness of breath, which could indicate a more serious condition. Stopping the medication abruptly is not recommended unless advised by the healthcare provider. Dietary changes may help, but they should be discussed with the healthcare team to ensure they do not interfere with treatment.