ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2019 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an amide type of local anesthetics:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Articaine is an amide type of local anesthetic. Local anesthetics can be classified into two main categories: esters and amides. Articaine belongs to the amide group of local anesthetics, along with lidocaine, bupivacaine, and others. Amide local anesthetics tend to have longer duration of action and are less likely to cause allergic reactions compared to ester local anesthetics. In the given choices, Procaine, Amethocaine, and Benzocaine are ester-type local anesthetics, while Cocaine is a unique example of a local anesthetic with mixed properties.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who has been taking a benzodiazepine as a sleep aid for several months wishes to stop taking the medication. The nurse will suggest that the patient taper the dose gradually to avoid which effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When a patient has been taking a benzodiazepine for an extended period, abruptly stopping the medication can lead to withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms may include anxiety, irritability, agitation, insomnia, tremors, sweating, and in severe cases, seizures. To avoid these withdrawal effects, the nurse will recommend tapering the dose gradually under medical supervision. This approach allows the body to adjust slowly and reduces the likelihood of experiencing withdrawal symptoms. It is essential to follow a tapering schedule under the guidance of a healthcare provider to ensure a smooth transition off the medication and minimize the risk of withdrawal.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient who is taking atenolol (Tenormin) to treat hypertension. What would the nurse teach the patient regarding a possible drug-drug interaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A decreased hypertensive effect can occur if a beta-selective adrenergic blocking agent is used in combination with NSAIDs. If this combination is used, the patient should be monitored closely and dosage adjustments made. Antibiotics, oral contraceptives, and antifungal agents are not known to have a drug-drug interaction. The nurse should educate the patient about potential interactions and advise them to consult their healthcare provider before starting any new medications.
Question 4 of 5
A prenatal patient tells the nurse that she is not taking vitamins because she heard that vitamins may cause damage to the fetus if she becomes pregnant. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While vitamins are generally beneficial during pregnancy, excessive doses (megadoses) can be harmful, especially in the first trimester. The nurse should emphasize the importance of taking vitamins at recommended levels and avoiding excessive supplementation. Taking extra vitamins (B) is not advised, and doses above the RDA (D) should be avoided unless prescribed.
Question 5 of 5
Superficial bladder cancer can be treated by direct instillation of the antineoplastic antibiotic agent mitomycin (Mutamycin). This process is termed:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intravesical administration involves the direct instillation of medication into the bladder, which is a common method for treating superficial bladder cancer. This approach allows high concentrations of the drug, such as mitomycin, to come into direct contact with the cancerous cells lining the bladder, minimizing systemic side effects. Intraventricular and intrathecal administrations are used for delivering drugs to the brain and spinal cord, respectively, while intravascular administration refers to intravenous delivery. Intravesical administration is specifically designed for bladder conditions, making it the correct answer.