Which of the following is a type of fungal infection?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tinea. Tinea is a type of fungal infection that affects the skin, hair, or nails. Fungal infections are caused by dermatophytes, which are a group of fungi that thrive on keratin. Tinea can manifest as ringworm, athlete's foot, or jock itch. Warts (B) are caused by the human papillomavirus, wheals (C) are raised, itchy welts caused by an allergic reaction, and vesicles (D) are fluid-filled lesions seen in conditions like herpes simplex virus infection. Tinea is the only option directly related to fungal infections.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Some hearing loss occurs. As individuals age, it is common for the sensory cells in the inner ear to deteriorate, leading to gradual hearing loss. This is considered a normal age-related change due to natural wear and tear on the auditory system. Reflexes speeding up (choice A) is not a typical age-related change as reflexes tend to slow down with aging. The sense of taste intensifying (choice B) is not a normal age-related change; in fact, taste buds may decrease in number with age, affecting taste perception. Vision improving (choice D) is also unlikely with age as many older adults experience changes such as presbyopia and cataracts, leading to worsening vision.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (45) because Type 2 diabetes typically develops in adults over the age of 45 due to factors like sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, and genetic predisposition. At this age, the body's ability to produce and use insulin becomes less efficient, leading to insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they suggest younger ages, which are less common for the onset of Type 2 diabetes. Early onset diabetes is more likely to be Type 1 diabetes, which usually presents in childhood or adolescence.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Supination. Supination refers to the movement of turning the palm or foot upward. This term specifically describes the anatomical action of rotating the hand or foot in a palm-upward position. Rotation (choice A) is a general term for any movement around an axis. Pronation (choice B) is the opposite movement to supination, where the palm or foot is turned downward. Flexion (choice C) refers to bending movement, usually involving a decrease in the angle between two body parts. In this context, supination is the most accurate term for describing the action of turning upward.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Positioning the body in proper alignment. This is because proper alignment helps maintain dignity, prevent postmortem changes, and facilitate care such as cleaning and dressing. Covering the body completely (A) is important for privacy but not part of postmortem care. Propping the eyes open (B) is unnecessary and can be disturbing. Leaving on the oxygen (D) is not typically done as it is not beneficial after death.