Which of the following is a sign of unintended weight loss that should be reported to the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because coughing or choking while eating can indicate a swallowing difficulty, leading to unintended weight loss due to inadequate intake. This should be reported to the nurse for further evaluation and management. A: Eating lean cuts of meat is a healthy dietary choice and does not necessarily indicate unintended weight loss. B: Eating dessert before dinner is a behavioral choice and not directly related to unintended weight loss. C: Avoiding fried foods and sweets can be part of a conscious effort to make healthier food choices and does not necessarily indicate unintended weight loss.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gonads. Gonads are the male and female sexual reproductive glands responsible for producing gametes (sperm and eggs) and sex hormones. The other choices are incorrect because B: Hormones are chemical messengers produced by various glands in the body, C: Cowper's glands are accessory glands in males that produce pre-ejaculatory fluid, and D: Fallopian tubes are structures in the female reproductive system where fertilization typically occurs. Thus, A is the correct choice as it specifically refers to the male and female sexual reproductive glands.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (20 minutes) because it is the recommended duration for applying warm or cold applications. Applying for 20 minutes allows enough time for the therapeutic effects to take place without causing potential harm, such as skin damage or decreased effectiveness. Choice A (10 minutes) may not provide sufficient time for the treatment to be effective. Choices C (30 minutes) and D (40 minutes) can lead to adverse effects like skin irritation or delayed healing due to prolonged exposure. Therefore, 20 minutes strikes a balance between achieving therapeutic benefits and minimizing risks.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Early in the morning. This is because sputum tends to accumulate overnight, making it more concentrated and easier to collect in the morning. Collecting it before the resident eats or engages in other activities ensures a more accurate sample. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide the optimal conditions for collecting a sputum specimen. After a meal, sputum may be contaminated with food particles. Right before bedtime may not yield a good sample due to the accumulation of saliva overnight. Right before lunch is not ideal as the resident may have eaten or drunk something that could affect the sample.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because assisting with ambulation helps prevent falls, a common concern for CVA patients. Ambulation support promotes safety and independence. Choice A is incorrect as it contradicts promoting independence. Choice B is incorrect because rushing tasks may lead to accidents. Choice D is incorrect as placing food on the affected side may lead to choking.