Which of the following is a sign of ovulation?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased cervical mucus. During ovulation, the body produces more cervical mucus that becomes clear, stretchy, and slippery to facilitate sperm movement. This helps in the fertilization process. Lower body temperature and decreased estrogen levels are not typically signs of ovulation. Thickening of the uterine lining occurs during the menstrual cycle in preparation for a potential pregnancy, not specifically during ovulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Progesterone levels rise after ovulation to prepare the uterus for pregnancy. Rationale: 1. Progesterone is primarily produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation. 2. Progesterone helps thicken the endometrial lining to support embryo implantation. 3. Rising progesterone levels inhibit further ovulation. 4. If pregnancy occurs, progesterone is vital for maintaining the uterine lining. Summary: A: Incorrect - Ovulation occurs in the middle of the cycle during the follicular phase. B: Incorrect - The follicular phase is characterized by follicle development, not endometrial lining growth. D: Incorrect - FSH levels are high at the beginning of the cycle to stimulate follicle development, but decrease after ovulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating the production of breast milk after childbirth. It is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a key role in lactation. Estrogen and progesterone are involved in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy but not specifically in milk production. Oxytocin is responsible for milk ejection (letdown reflex) but not the production of milk itself. Therefore, the correct answer is C: Prolactin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fallopian tube. Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube, where sperm meets the egg. The fallopian tube provides a suitable environment for fertilization to take place due to its proximity to the ovary, where ovulation occurs. Sperm travel through the fallopian tube to reach the egg, and once fertilization occurs, the resulting zygote then travels down to the uterus for implantation. Incorrect answers: A: Uterus - Fertilization does not occur in the uterus as it is the site for implantation of the fertilized egg. B: Ovary - Ovulation occurs in the ovary, but fertilization usually takes place in the fallopian tube. D: Cervix - The cervix serves as the entrance to the uterus and does not play a role in fertilization.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Provide oxygen and nutrients to the fetus Rationale: 1. The placenta is the organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, allowing for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products. 2. It contains blood vessels that transport oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus. 3. The placenta also filters out harmful substances and waste products from the fetus. 4. Providing oxygen and nutrients is crucial for the growth and development of the fetus during pregnancy. Summary: A: Incorrect - The placenta does help in removing waste products but its primary function is not excretion. C: Incorrect - While the placenta does support implantation by attaching the embryo to the uterine wall, its main purpose is not implantation. D: Incorrect - While the placenta does produce hormones like estrogen, its primary function is to provide essential nutrients and oxygen to the fetus.