ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing First Chapter Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of ovarian cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A family history of breast cancer is a known risk factor for the development of ovarian cancer. Individuals with a close relative (such as a mother, sister, or daughter) who has had breast cancer have a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer. This increased risk is due to shared genetic factors that can predispose individuals to both breast and ovarian cancers. Therefore, having a family history of breast cancer is an important risk factor to consider in the assessment of ovarian cancer risk.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of opsonization during the immune response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Opsonization is a process in the immune response where opsonins, which are proteins such as antibodies and complement proteins, bind to pathogens such as bacteria, making them more easily recognized and engulfed by phagocytic cells like macrophages and neutrophils. This coating of pathogens by opsonins enhances the efficiency of phagocytosis, helping in the elimination of pathogens from the body. Opsonins do not facilitate cell lysis, neutralize toxins, or stimulate histamine release; their main function is to tag pathogens for phagocytosis.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) presents with sudden onset dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, and hemoptysis. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate for confirming the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spiral CT angiography is the most appropriate test for confirming the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in a patient with suspected PE. It is a non-invasive imaging modality that can detect filling defects within the pulmonary vasculature indicative of a clot. This diagnostic test has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PE, making it a valuable tool in the management of patients with suspected PE.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrates hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis on arterial blood gas analysis. Which of the following ventilatory strategies is most appropriate for managing the patient's respiratory failure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a patient with acute exacerbation of COPD who presents with hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis, the most appropriate ventilatory strategy is invasive mechanical ventilation with a lung protective strategy. This involves using lower tidal volumes and limiting plateau pressures to prevent ventilator-induced lung injury.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following laboratory findings is most consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe condition characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs leading to increased pulmonary vascular permeability, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and respiratory failure. In ARDS, the alveolar-capillary barrier is disrupted, resulting in fluid accumulation in the alveoli and impaired gas exchange.